diff --git a/.woodpecker.yml b/.woodpecker.yml
index fc0ff08c9..de874ae5d 100644
--- a/.woodpecker.yml
+++ b/.woodpecker.yml
@@ -135,6 +135,18 @@ steps:
       - diesel migration redo
     when: *slow_check_paths
 
+  check_db_perf_tool:
+    image: *rust_image
+    environment:
+      LEMMY_DATABASE_URL: postgres://lemmy:password@database:5432/lemmy
+      RUST_BACKTRACE: "1"
+      CARGO_HOME: .cargo_home
+    commands:
+      # same as scripts/db_perf.sh but without creating a new database server
+      - export LEMMY_CONFIG_LOCATION=config/config.hjson
+      - cargo run --package lemmy_db_perf -- --posts 10 --read-post-pages 1
+    when: *slow_check_paths
+
   cargo_clippy:
     image: *rust_image
     environment:
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 4b54af59d..e56b26b27 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "activitystreams-kinds",
  "actix-web",
  "async-trait",
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "bytes",
  "chrono",
  "derive_builder",
@@ -90,9 +90,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "actix-form-data"
-version = "0.7.0-beta.5"
+version = "0.7.0-beta.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "02564e87c7a34fe7877d6b60259413ea04412b91abbabd3c2c71610e24800d0d"
+checksum = "a0588d156cb871d8c237d55ce398e2a65727370fb98352ba5b65c15a2f834b0f"
 dependencies = [
  "actix-multipart",
  "actix-web",
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "actix-tls",
  "actix-utils",
  "ahash",
- "base64 0.21.5",
- "bitflags 2.4.1",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
+ "bitflags 2.4.2",
  "brotli",
  "bytes",
  "bytestring",
@@ -179,9 +179,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "actix-router"
-version = "0.5.1"
+version = "0.5.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d66ff4d247d2b160861fa2866457e85706833527840e4133f8f49aa423a38799"
+checksum = "d22475596539443685426b6bdadb926ad0ecaefdfc5fb05e5e3441f15463c511"
 dependencies = [
  "bytestring",
  "http",
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures-core",
  "futures-util",
  "mio",
- "socket2 0.5.5",
+ "socket2",
  "tokio",
  "tracing",
 ]
@@ -230,9 +230,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "actix-tls"
-version = "3.1.1"
+version = "3.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "72616e7fbec0aa99c6f3164677fa48ff5a60036d0799c98cab894a44f3e0efc3"
+checksum = "929e47cc23865cdb856e59673cfba2d28f00b3bbd060dfc80e33a00a3cea8317"
 dependencies = [
  "actix-rt",
  "actix-service",
@@ -240,8 +240,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "futures-core",
  "impl-more",
  "pin-project-lite",
- "rustls 0.21.10",
- "rustls-webpki",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-rustls 0.23.4",
  "tokio-util",
@@ -295,7 +293,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_json",
  "serde_urlencoded",
  "smallvec",
- "socket2 0.5.5",
+ "socket2",
  "time",
  "url",
 ]
@@ -320,7 +318,7 @@ checksum = "1d613edf08a42ccc6864c941d30fe14e1b676a77d16f1dbadc1174d065a0a775"
 dependencies = [
  "actix-utils",
  "actix-web",
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "futures-core",
  "futures-util",
  "log",
@@ -357,9 +355,9 @@ checksum = "f26201604c87b1e01bd3d98f8d5d9a8fcbb815e8cedb41ffccbeb4bf593a35fe"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ahash"
-version = "0.8.6"
+version = "0.8.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "91429305e9f0a25f6205c5b8e0d2db09e0708a7a6df0f42212bb56c32c8ac97a"
+checksum = "77c3a9648d43b9cd48db467b3f87fdd6e146bcc88ab0180006cef2179fe11d01"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "getrandom",
@@ -415,9 +413,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstream"
-version = "0.6.5"
+version = "0.6.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d664a92ecae85fd0a7392615844904654d1d5f5514837f471ddef4a057aba1b6"
+checksum = "6e2e1ebcb11de5c03c67de28a7df593d32191b44939c482e97702baaaa6ab6a5"
 dependencies = [
  "anstyle",
  "anstyle-parse",
@@ -463,9 +461,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anyhow"
-version = "1.0.75"
+version = "1.0.79"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a4668cab20f66d8d020e1fbc0ebe47217433c1b6c8f2040faf858554e394ace6"
+checksum = "080e9890a082662b09c1ad45f567faeeb47f22b5fb23895fbe1e651e718e25ca"
 dependencies = [
  "backtrace",
 ]
@@ -488,9 +486,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "async-compression"
-version = "0.4.5"
+version = "0.4.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bc2d0cfb2a7388d34f590e76686704c494ed7aaceed62ee1ba35cbf363abc2a5"
+checksum = "a116f46a969224200a0a97f29cfd4c50e7534e4b4826bd23ea2c3c533039c82c"
 dependencies = [
  "flate2",
  "futures-core",
@@ -646,9 +644,9 @@ checksum = "9e1b586273c5702936fe7b7d6896644d8be71e6314cfe09d3167c95f712589e8"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "base64"
-version = "0.21.5"
+version = "0.21.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "35636a1494ede3b646cc98f74f8e62c773a38a659ebc777a2cf26b9b74171df9"
+checksum = "9d297deb1925b89f2ccc13d7635fa0714f12c87adce1c75356b39ca9b7178567"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bcrypt"
@@ -656,7 +654,7 @@ version = "0.15.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "28d1c9c15093eb224f0baa400f38fcd713fc1391a6f1c389d886beef146d60a3"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "blowfish",
  "getrandom",
  "subtle",
@@ -695,9 +693,9 @@ checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
-version = "2.4.1"
+version = "2.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "327762f6e5a765692301e5bb513e0d9fef63be86bbc14528052b1cd3e6f03e07"
+checksum = "ed570934406eb16438a4e976b1b4500774099c13b8cb96eec99f620f05090ddf"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "block-buffer"
@@ -803,9 +801,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cargo-platform"
-version = "0.1.5"
+version = "0.1.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e34637b3140142bdf929fb439e8aa4ebad7651ebf7b1080b3930aa16ac1459ff"
+checksum = "ceed8ef69d8518a5dda55c07425450b58a4e1946f4951eab6d7191ee86c2443d"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
@@ -847,9 +845,9 @@ checksum = "baf1de4339761588bc0619e3cbc0120ee582ebb74b53b4efbf79117bd2da40fd"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "chrono"
-version = "0.4.31"
+version = "0.4.32"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7f2c685bad3eb3d45a01354cedb7d5faa66194d1d58ba6e267a8de788f79db38"
+checksum = "41daef31d7a747c5c847246f36de49ced6f7403b4cdabc807a97b5cc184cda7a"
 dependencies = [
  "android-tzdata",
  "iana-time-zone",
@@ -857,7 +855,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
  "serde",
  "wasm-bindgen",
- "windows-targets 0.48.5",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -882,9 +880,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap"
-version = "4.4.11"
+version = "4.4.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bfaff671f6b22ca62406885ece523383b9b64022e341e53e009a62ebc47a45f2"
+checksum = "1e578d6ec4194633722ccf9544794b71b1385c3c027efe0c55db226fc880865c"
 dependencies = [
  "clap_builder",
  "clap_derive",
@@ -892,9 +890,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap_builder"
-version = "4.4.11"
+version = "4.4.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a216b506622bb1d316cd51328dce24e07bdff4a6128a47c7e7fad11878d5adbb"
+checksum = "4df4df40ec50c46000231c914968278b1eb05098cf8f1b3a518a95030e71d1c7"
 dependencies = [
  "anstream",
  "anstyle",
@@ -1129,9 +1127,9 @@ checksum = "06ea2b9bc92be3c2baa9334a323ebca2d6f074ff852cd1d7b11064035cd3868f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cpufeatures"
-version = "0.2.11"
+version = "0.2.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ce420fe07aecd3e67c5f910618fe65e94158f6dcc0adf44e00d69ce2bdfe0fd0"
+checksum = "53fe5e26ff1b7aef8bca9c6080520cfb8d9333c7568e1829cef191a9723e5504"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
@@ -1147,35 +1145,27 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-channel"
-version = "0.5.8"
+version = "0.5.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a33c2bf77f2df06183c3aa30d1e96c0695a313d4f9c453cc3762a6db39f99200"
+checksum = "176dc175b78f56c0f321911d9c8eb2b77a78a4860b9c19db83835fea1a46649b"
 dependencies = [
- "cfg-if",
  "crossbeam-utils",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-epoch"
-version = "0.9.15"
+version = "0.9.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ae211234986c545741a7dc064309f67ee1e5ad243d0e48335adc0484d960bcc7"
+checksum = "5b82ac4a3c2ca9c3460964f020e1402edd5753411d7737aa39c3714ad1b5420e"
 dependencies = [
- "autocfg",
- "cfg-if",
  "crossbeam-utils",
- "memoffset",
- "scopeguard",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-utils"
-version = "0.8.16"
+version = "0.8.19"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5a22b2d63d4d1dc0b7f1b6b2747dd0088008a9be28b6ddf0b1e7d335e3037294"
-dependencies = [
- "cfg-if",
-]
+checksum = "248e3bacc7dc6baa3b21e405ee045c3047101a49145e7e9eca583ab4c2ca5345"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crypto-common"
@@ -1341,9 +1331,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "deranged"
-version = "0.3.10"
+version = "0.3.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8eb30d70a07a3b04884d2677f06bec33509dc67ca60d92949e5535352d3191dc"
+checksum = "b42b6fa04a440b495c8b04d0e71b707c585f83cb9cb28cf8cd0d976c315e31b4"
 dependencies = [
  "powerfmt",
  "serde",
@@ -1419,7 +1409,7 @@ version = "2.1.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "62c6fcf842f17f8c78ecf7c81d75c5ce84436b41ee07e03f490fbb5f5a8731d8"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.4.1",
+ "bitflags 2.4.2",
  "byteorder",
  "chrono",
  "diesel_derives",
@@ -1482,9 +1472,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "diesel_ltree"
-version = "0.3.0"
+version = "0.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "92d9f0b872d6c87b68a71f105802b941a7262788bf69d1bcd05654669cdbd55d"
+checksum = "9f5884ffa287a93dce7bd7e5263241c4db5ba7418863fe754d6b731c7e5e06f2"
 dependencies = [
  "byteorder",
  "diesel",
@@ -1593,7 +1583,7 @@ version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "dbfb21b9878cf7a348dcb8559109aabc0ec40d69924bd706fa5149846c4fef75"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "memchr",
 ]
 
@@ -1759,9 +1749,9 @@ checksum = "0206175f82b8d6bf6652ff7d71a1e27fd2e4efde587fd368662814d6ec1d9ce0"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "eyre"
-version = "0.6.10"
+version = "0.6.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8bbb8258be8305fb0237d7b295f47bb24ff1b136a535f473baf40e70468515aa"
+checksum = "b6267a1fa6f59179ea4afc8e50fd8612a3cc60bc858f786ff877a4a8cb042799"
 dependencies = [
  "indenter",
  "once_cell",
@@ -1800,9 +1790,9 @@ checksum = "25cbce373ec4653f1a01a31e8a5e5ec0c622dc27ff9c4e6606eefef5cbbed4a5"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "fdeflate"
-version = "0.3.1"
+version = "0.3.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "64d6dafc854908ff5da46ff3f8f473c6984119a2876a383a860246dd7841a868"
+checksum = "4f9bfee30e4dedf0ab8b422f03af778d9612b63f502710fc500a334ebe2de645"
 dependencies = [
  "simd-adler32",
 ]
@@ -1995,9 +1985,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "getrandom"
-version = "0.2.11"
+version = "0.2.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fe9006bed769170c11f845cf00c7c1e9092aeb3f268e007c3e760ac68008070f"
+checksum = "190092ea657667030ac6a35e305e62fc4dd69fd98ac98631e5d3a2b1575a12b5"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "js-sys",
@@ -2020,9 +2010,9 @@ checksum = "d2fabcfbdc87f4758337ca535fb41a6d701b65693ce38287d856d1674551ec9b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "h2"
-version = "0.3.22"
+version = "0.3.24"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4d6250322ef6e60f93f9a2162799302cd6f68f79f6e5d85c8c16f14d1d958178"
+checksum = "bb2c4422095b67ee78da96fbb51a4cc413b3b25883c7717ff7ca1ab31022c9c9"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "fnv",
@@ -2068,7 +2058,7 @@ version = "7.5.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "765c9198f173dd59ce26ff9f95ef0aafd0a0fe01fb9d72841bc5066a4c06511d"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "byteorder",
  "flate2",
  "nom",
@@ -2083,9 +2073,9 @@ checksum = "95505c38b4572b2d910cecb0281560f54b440a19336cbbcb27bf6ce6adc6f5a8"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hermit-abi"
-version = "0.3.3"
+version = "0.3.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d77f7ec81a6d05a3abb01ab6eb7590f6083d08449fe5a1c8b1e620283546ccb7"
+checksum = "5d3d0e0f38255e7fa3cf31335b3a56f05febd18025f4db5ef7a0cfb4f8da651f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hex"
@@ -2237,9 +2227,9 @@ checksum = "9a3a5bfb195931eeb336b2a7b4d761daec841b97f947d34394601737a7bba5e4"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hyper"
-version = "0.14.27"
+version = "0.14.28"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ffb1cfd654a8219eaef89881fdb3bb3b1cdc5fa75ded05d6933b2b382e395468"
+checksum = "bf96e135eb83a2a8ddf766e426a841d8ddd7449d5f00d34ea02b41d2f19eef80"
 dependencies = [
  "bytes",
  "futures-channel",
@@ -2252,7 +2242,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "httpdate",
  "itoa",
  "pin-project-lite",
- "socket2 0.4.10",
+ "socket2",
  "tokio",
  "tower-service",
  "tracing",
@@ -2299,10 +2289,30 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "iana-time-zone"
-version = "0.1.58"
+name = "i-love-jesus"
+version = "0.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8326b86b6cff230b97d0d312a6c40a60726df3332e721f72a1b035f451663b20"
+checksum = "39fa60e3281e1529cc56d96cca925215f51f9b39a96bc677982fbfdf2663cc84"
+dependencies = [
+ "diesel",
+ "i-love-jesus-macros",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "i-love-jesus-macros"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8215279f83f9b829403812f845aa2d0dd5966332aa2fd0334a375256f3dd0322"
+dependencies = [
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.48",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "iana-time-zone"
+version = "0.1.59"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b6a67363e2aa4443928ce15e57ebae94fd8949958fd1223c4cfc0cd473ad7539"
 dependencies = [
  "android_system_properties",
  "core-foundation-sys",
@@ -2349,14 +2359,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "image"
-version = "0.24.7"
+version = "0.24.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6f3dfdbdd72063086ff443e297b61695500514b1e41095b6fb9a5ab48a70a711"
+checksum = "034bbe799d1909622a74d1193aa50147769440040ff36cb2baa947609b0a4e23"
 dependencies = [
  "bytemuck",
  "byteorder",
  "color_quant",
- "num-rational",
  "num-traits",
  "png",
 ]
@@ -2494,9 +2503,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "js-sys"
-version = "0.3.66"
+version = "0.3.67"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cee9c64da59eae3b50095c18d3e74f8b73c0b86d2792824ff01bbce68ba229ca"
+checksum = "9a1d36f1235bc969acba30b7f5990b864423a6068a10f7c90ae8f0112e3a59d1"
 dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen",
 ]
@@ -2507,7 +2516,7 @@ version = "8.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6971da4d9c3aa03c3d8f3ff0f4155b534aad021292003895a469716b2a230378"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "pem",
  "ring 0.16.20",
  "serde",
@@ -2529,13 +2538,13 @@ checksum = "e2abad23fbc42b3700f2f279844dc832adb2b2eb069b2df918f455c4e18cc646"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_api"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "activitypub_federation",
  "actix-web",
  "actix-web-httpauth",
  "anyhow",
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "bcrypt",
  "captcha",
  "chrono",
@@ -2558,7 +2567,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_api_common"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "activitypub_federation",
  "actix-web",
@@ -2593,7 +2602,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_api_crud"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "activitypub_federation",
  "actix-web",
@@ -2615,7 +2624,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_apub"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "activitypub_federation",
  "actix-web",
@@ -2653,11 +2662,26 @@ dependencies = [
  "uuid",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "lemmy_db_perf"
+version = "0.19.3"
+dependencies = [
+ "anyhow",
+ "clap",
+ "diesel",
+ "diesel-async",
+ "lemmy_db_schema",
+ "lemmy_db_views",
+ "lemmy_utils",
+ "tokio",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_db_schema"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "activitypub_federation",
+ "anyhow",
  "async-trait",
  "bcrypt",
  "chrono",
@@ -2669,6 +2693,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "diesel_ltree",
  "diesel_migrations",
  "futures-util",
+ "i-love-jesus",
  "lemmy_utils",
  "once_cell",
  "pretty_assertions",
@@ -2692,13 +2717,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_db_views"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "actix-web",
  "chrono",
  "diesel",
  "diesel-async",
  "diesel_ltree",
+ "i-love-jesus",
  "lemmy_db_schema",
  "lemmy_utils",
  "pretty_assertions",
@@ -2708,12 +2734,11 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio",
  "tracing",
  "ts-rs",
- "url",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_db_views_actor"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "chrono",
  "diesel",
@@ -2731,7 +2756,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_db_views_moderator"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "diesel",
  "diesel-async",
@@ -2743,7 +2768,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_federate"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "activitypub_federation",
  "anyhow",
@@ -2766,7 +2791,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_routes"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "activitypub_federation",
  "actix-web",
@@ -2790,7 +2815,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_server"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "activitypub_federation",
  "actix-cors",
@@ -2833,7 +2858,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lemmy_utils"
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 dependencies = [
  "actix-web",
  "anyhow",
@@ -2871,12 +2896,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lettre"
-version = "0.11.2"
+version = "0.11.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a48c2e9831b370bc2d7233c2620298c45f3a158ed6b4b8d7416b2ada5a268fd8"
+checksum = "f5aaf628956b6b0852e12ac3505d20d7a12ecc1e32d5ea921f002af4a74036a5"
 dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "chumsky",
  "email-encoding",
  "email_address",
@@ -2889,9 +2914,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "mime",
  "native-tls",
  "nom",
- "once_cell",
  "quoted_printable",
- "socket2 0.5.5",
+ "socket2",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-native-tls",
  "url",
@@ -2899,9 +2923,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.151"
+version = "0.2.152"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "302d7ab3130588088d277783b1e2d2e10c9e9e4a16dd9050e6ec93fb3e7048f4"
+checksum = "13e3bf6590cbc649f4d1a3eefc9d5d6eb746f5200ffb04e5e142700b8faa56e7"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "line-wrap"
@@ -2935,9 +2959,9 @@ checksum = "f051f77a7c8e6957c0696eac88f26b0117e54f52d3fc682ab19397a8812846a4"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "linux-raw-sys"
-version = "0.4.12"
+version = "0.4.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c4cd1a83af159aa67994778be9070f0ae1bd732942279cabb14f86f986a21456"
+checksum = "01cda141df6706de531b6c46c3a33ecca755538219bd484262fa09410c13539c"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "local-channel"
@@ -2968,9 +2992,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lodepng"
-version = "3.9.2"
+version = "3.10.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b00f56ff9bcd5721ab172b73eac8a7d4e9439f47a98581e666178dbe7df97e13"
+checksum = "a42d298694b14401847de29abd44adf278b42e989e516deac7b72018400002d8"
 dependencies = [
  "crc32fast",
  "fallible_collections",
@@ -2991,15 +3015,6 @@ version = "0.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c41e0c4fef86961ac6d6f8a82609f55f31b05e4fce149ac5710e439df7619ba4"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "mach2"
-version = "0.4.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6d0d1830bcd151a6fc4aea1369af235b36c1528fe976b8ff678683c9995eade8"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "markdown-it"
 version = "0.6.0"
@@ -3093,37 +3108,27 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "memchr"
-version = "2.6.4"
+version = "2.7.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f665ee40bc4a3c5590afb1e9677db74a508659dfd71e126420da8274909a0167"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "memoffset"
-version = "0.9.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5a634b1c61a95585bd15607c6ab0c4e5b226e695ff2800ba0cdccddf208c406c"
-dependencies = [
- "autocfg",
-]
+checksum = "523dc4f511e55ab87b694dc30d0f820d60906ef06413f93d4d7a1385599cc149"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "metrics"
-version = "0.21.1"
+version = "0.22.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fde3af1a009ed76a778cb84fdef9e7dbbdf5775ae3e4cc1f434a6a307f6f76c5"
+checksum = "77b9e10a211c839210fd7f99954bda26e5f8e26ec686ad68da6a32df7c80e782"
 dependencies = [
  "ahash",
- "metrics-macros",
  "portable-atomic",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "metrics-exporter-prometheus"
-version = "0.12.1"
+version = "0.13.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8a4964177ddfdab1e3a2b37aec7cf320e14169abb0ed73999f558136409178d5"
+checksum = "83a4c4718a371ddfb7806378f23617876eea8b82e5ff1324516bcd283249d9ea"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "hyper",
  "indexmap 1.9.3",
  "ipnet",
@@ -3134,22 +3139,11 @@ dependencies = [
  "tokio",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "metrics-macros"
-version = "0.7.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ddece26afd34c31585c74a4db0630c376df271c285d682d1e55012197830b6df"
-dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.48",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "metrics-util"
-version = "0.15.1"
+version = "0.16.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4de2ed6e491ed114b40b732e4d1659a9d53992ebd87490c44a6ffe23739d973e"
+checksum = "2670b8badcc285d486261e2e9f1615b506baff91427b61bd336a472b65bbf5ed"
 dependencies = [
  "crossbeam-epoch",
  "crossbeam-utils",
@@ -3227,9 +3221,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "moka"
-version = "0.12.2"
+version = "0.12.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f353abec74660d4b8533c2516c86eb062f1ec8ca49a2758f4f2b1b60b06b0c6e"
+checksum = "ad9dc9808102655926a6086abd0b9965ebefd4a39ef0d184f074c34ba5049ec6"
 dependencies = [
  "async-lock",
  "async-trait",
@@ -3335,17 +3329,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "num-rational"
-version = "0.4.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0638a1c9d0a3c0914158145bc76cff373a75a627e6ecbfb71cbe6f453a5a19b0"
-dependencies = [
- "autocfg",
- "num-integer",
- "num-traits",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "num-traits"
 version = "0.2.17"
@@ -3367,9 +3350,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "object"
-version = "0.32.1"
+version = "0.32.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9cf5f9dd3933bd50a9e1f149ec995f39ae2c496d31fd772c1fd45ebc27e902b0"
+checksum = "a6a622008b6e321afc04970976f62ee297fdbaa6f95318ca343e3eebb9648441"
 dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
@@ -3382,11 +3365,11 @@ checksum = "3fdb12b2476b595f9358c5161aa467c2438859caa136dec86c26fdd2efe17b92"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "openssl"
-version = "0.10.62"
+version = "0.10.63"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8cde4d2d9200ad5909f8dac647e29482e07c3a35de8a13fce7c9c7747ad9f671"
+checksum = "15c9d69dd87a29568d4d017cfe8ec518706046a05184e5aea92d0af890b803c8"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.4.1",
+ "bitflags 2.4.2",
  "cfg-if",
  "foreign-types",
  "libc",
@@ -3414,9 +3397,9 @@ checksum = "ff011a302c396a5197692431fc1948019154afc178baf7d8e37367442a4601cf"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "openssl-sys"
-version = "0.9.98"
+version = "0.9.99"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c1665caf8ab2dc9aef43d1c0023bd904633a6a05cb30b0ad59bec2ae986e57a7"
+checksum = "22e1bf214306098e4832460f797824c05d25aacdf896f64a985fb0fd992454ae"
 dependencies = [
  "cc",
  "libc",
@@ -3497,7 +3480,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "opentelemetry 0.21.0",
  "opentelemetry-proto 0.4.0",
  "opentelemetry-semantic-conventions",
- "opentelemetry_sdk 0.21.1",
+ "opentelemetry_sdk 0.21.2",
  "prost 0.11.9",
  "thiserror",
  "tokio",
@@ -3524,7 +3507,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a2e155ce5cc812ea3d1dffbd1539aed653de4bf4882d60e6e04dcf0901d674e1"
 dependencies = [
  "opentelemetry 0.21.0",
- "opentelemetry_sdk 0.21.1",
+ "opentelemetry_sdk 0.21.2",
  "prost 0.11.9",
  "tonic 0.9.2",
 ]
@@ -3578,9 +3561,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "opentelemetry_sdk"
-version = "0.21.1"
+version = "0.21.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "968ba3f2ca03e90e5187f5e4f46c791ef7f2c163ae87789c8ce5f5ca3b7b7de5"
+checksum = "2f16aec8a98a457a52664d69e0091bac3a0abd18ead9b641cb00202ba4e0efe4"
 dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
  "crossbeam-channel",
@@ -3752,16 +3735,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pict-rs"
-version = "0.5.0-rc.2"
+version = "0.5.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f24eed67dd30cd04e67959b7c9a2b14c8e7c9d9a67b095eb56c70477a6eef212"
+checksum = "ca72ffda2e229b6be6aeda550b7069aa8dc72589711da63c59914df89bf91b02"
 dependencies = [
  "actix-form-data",
  "actix-web",
- "anyhow",
  "async-trait",
  "barrel",
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "clap",
  "color-eyre",
  "config",
@@ -3780,7 +3762,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "mime",
  "opentelemetry 0.21.0",
  "opentelemetry-otlp 0.14.0",
- "opentelemetry_sdk 0.21.1",
+ "opentelemetry_sdk 0.21.2",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "refinery",
  "reqwest",
@@ -3846,9 +3828,9 @@ checksum = "8b870d8c151b6f2fb93e84a13146138f05d02ed11c7e7c54f8826aaaf7c9f184"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pkg-config"
-version = "0.3.27"
+version = "0.3.29"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "26072860ba924cbfa98ea39c8c19b4dd6a4a25423dbdf219c1eca91aa0cf6964"
+checksum = "2900ede94e305130c13ddd391e0ab7cbaeb783945ae07a279c268cb05109c6cb"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "plist"
@@ -3856,7 +3838,7 @@ version = "1.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e5699cc8a63d1aa2b1ee8e12b9ad70ac790d65788cd36101fa37f87ea46c4cef"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "indexmap 2.1.0",
  "line-wrap",
  "quick-xml 0.31.0",
@@ -3866,9 +3848,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "png"
-version = "0.17.10"
+version = "0.17.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "dd75bf2d8dd3702b9707cdbc56a5b9ef42cec752eb8b3bafc01234558442aa64"
+checksum = "1f6c3c3e617595665b8ea2ff95a86066be38fb121ff920a9c0eb282abcd1da5a"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 1.3.2",
  "crc32fast",
@@ -3903,7 +3885,7 @@ version = "0.6.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "49b6c5ef183cd3ab4ba005f1ca64c21e8bd97ce4699cfea9e8d9a2c4958ca520"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "byteorder",
  "bytes",
  "fallible-iterator",
@@ -3969,9 +3951,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
-version = "1.0.75"
+version = "1.0.78"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "907a61bd0f64c2f29cd1cf1dc34d05176426a3f504a78010f08416ddb7b13708"
+checksum = "e2422ad645d89c99f8f3e6b88a9fdeca7fabeac836b1002371c4367c8f984aae"
 dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -4098,13 +4080,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "quanta"
-version = "0.11.1"
+version = "0.12.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a17e662a7a8291a865152364c20c7abc5e60486ab2001e8ec10b24862de0b9ab"
+checksum = "9ca0b7bac0b97248c40bb77288fc52029cf1459c0461ea1b05ee32ccf011de2c"
 dependencies = [
  "crossbeam-utils",
  "libc",
- "mach2",
  "once_cell",
  "raw-cpuid",
  "wasi",
@@ -4179,18 +4160,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "raw-cpuid"
-version = "10.7.0"
+version = "11.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6c297679cb867470fa8c9f67dbba74a78d78e3e98d7cf2b08d6d71540f797332"
+checksum = "9d86a7c4638d42c44551f4791a20e687dbb4c3de1f33c43dd71e355cd429def1"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 1.3.2",
+ "bitflags 2.4.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "readonly"
-version = "0.2.11"
+version = "0.2.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b8f439da1766942fe069954da6058b2e6c1760eb878bae76f5be9fc29f56f574"
+checksum = "a25d631e41bfb5fdcde1d4e2215f62f7f0afa3ff11e26563765bd6ea1d229aeb"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -4217,9 +4198,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "refinery"
-version = "0.8.11"
+version = "0.8.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "529664dbccc0a296947615c997a857912d72d1c44be1fafb7bae54ecfa7a8c24"
+checksum = "a2783724569d96af53464d0711dff635cab7a4934df5e22e9fbc9e181523b83e"
 dependencies = [
  "refinery-core",
  "refinery-macros",
@@ -4227,13 +4208,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "refinery-core"
-version = "0.8.11"
+version = "0.8.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e895cb870cf06e92318cbbeb701f274d022d5ca87a16fa8244e291cd035ef954"
+checksum = "08d6c80329c0455510a8d42fce286ecb4b6bcd8c57e1816d9f2d6bd7379c2cc8"
 dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
  "cfg-if",
- "lazy_static",
  "log",
  "postgres",
  "regex",
@@ -4243,16 +4223,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "time",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-postgres",
- "toml 0.7.8",
+ "toml 0.8.8",
  "url",
  "walkdir",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "refinery-macros"
-version = "0.8.11"
+version = "0.8.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "123e8b80f8010c3ae38330c81e76938fc7adf6cdbfbaad20295bb8c22718b4f1"
+checksum = "6ab6e31e166a49d55cb09b62639e5ab9ba2e73f2f124336b06f6c321dc602779"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -4263,13 +4243,13 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "regex"
-version = "1.10.2"
+version = "1.10.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "380b951a9c5e80ddfd6136919eef32310721aa4aacd4889a8d39124b026ab343"
+checksum = "b62dbe01f0b06f9d8dc7d49e05a0785f153b00b2c227856282f671e0318c9b15"
 dependencies = [
  "aho-corasick",
  "memchr",
- "regex-automata 0.4.3",
+ "regex-automata 0.4.4",
  "regex-syntax 0.8.2",
 ]
 
@@ -4284,9 +4264,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "regex-automata"
-version = "0.4.3"
+version = "0.4.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5f804c7828047e88b2d32e2d7fe5a105da8ee3264f01902f796c8e067dc2483f"
+checksum = "3b7fa1134405e2ec9353fd416b17f8dacd46c473d7d3fd1cf202706a14eb792a"
 dependencies = [
  "aho-corasick",
  "memchr",
@@ -4318,7 +4298,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "37b1ae8d9ac08420c66222fb9096fc5de435c3c48542bc5336c51892cffafb41"
 dependencies = [
  "async-compression",
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "bytes",
  "encoding_rs",
  "futures-core",
@@ -4375,9 +4355,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "reqwest-tracing"
-version = "0.4.6"
+version = "0.4.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "14b1e66540e0cac90acadaf7109bf99c90d95abcc94b4c096bfa16a2d7aa7a71"
+checksum = "5a0152176687dd5cfe7f507ac1cb1a491c679cfe483afd133a7db7aaea818bb3"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "async-trait",
@@ -4474,9 +4454,9 @@ checksum = "2f8c01b9158de3aa5a7ac041a41c0e854d7adc3e473e7d7e2143eb5432bc5ba2"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rss"
-version = "2.0.6"
+version = "2.0.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7e6c0ea0e621c2a3aa34850ebd711526f0ac7385921f57d2430a47cecc7b9cbc"
+checksum = "f7b2c77eb4450d7d5f98df52c381cd6c4e19b75dad9209a9530b85a44510219a"
 dependencies = [
  "atom_syndication",
  "derive_builder",
@@ -4515,14 +4495,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustix"
-version = "0.38.28"
+version = "0.38.30"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "72e572a5e8ca657d7366229cdde4bd14c4eb5499a9573d4d366fe1b599daa316"
+checksum = "322394588aaf33c24007e8bb3238ee3e4c5c09c084ab32bc73890b99ff326bca"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.4.1",
+ "bitflags 2.4.2",
  "errno",
  "libc",
- "linux-raw-sys 0.4.12",
+ "linux-raw-sys 0.4.13",
  "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]
 
@@ -4556,7 +4536,7 @@ version = "1.0.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1c74cae0a4cf6ccbbf5f359f08efdf8ee7e1dc532573bf0db71968cb56b1448c"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4581,7 +4561,7 @@ version = "0.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "31aa883f1b986a5249641e574ca0e11ac4fb9970b009c6fbb96fedaf4fa78db8"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "hmac",
  "md-5",
  "percent-encoding",
@@ -4617,11 +4597,11 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "schannel"
-version = "0.1.22"
+version = "0.1.23"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0c3733bf4cf7ea0880754e19cb5a462007c4a8c1914bff372ccc95b464f1df88"
+checksum = "fbc91545643bcf3a0bbb6569265615222618bdf33ce4ffbbd13c4bbd4c093534"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4686,18 +4666,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "semver"
-version = "1.0.20"
+version = "1.0.21"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "836fa6a3e1e547f9a2c4040802ec865b5d85f4014efe00555d7090a3dcaa1090"
+checksum = "b97ed7a9823b74f99c7742f5336af7be5ecd3eeafcb1507d1fa93347b1d589b0"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
-version = "1.0.194"
+version = "1.0.195"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0b114498256798c94a0689e1a15fec6005dee8ac1f41de56404b67afc2a4b773"
+checksum = "63261df402c67811e9ac6def069e4786148c4563f4b50fd4bf30aa370d626b02"
 dependencies = [
  "serde_derive",
 ]
@@ -4713,9 +4693,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_derive"
-version = "1.0.194"
+version = "1.0.195"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a3385e45322e8f9931410f01b3031ec534c3947d0e94c18049af4d9f9907d4e0"
+checksum = "46fe8f8603d81ba86327b23a2e9cdf49e1255fb94a4c5f297f6ee0547178ea2c"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -4745,9 +4725,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_spanned"
-version = "0.6.4"
+version = "0.6.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "12022b835073e5b11e90a14f86838ceb1c8fb0325b72416845c487ac0fa95e80"
+checksum = "eb3622f419d1296904700073ea6cc23ad690adbd66f13ea683df73298736f0c1"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
@@ -4766,11 +4746,11 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_with"
-version = "3.4.0"
+version = "3.5.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "64cd236ccc1b7a29e7e2739f27c0b2dd199804abc4290e32f59f3b68d6405c23"
+checksum = "f5c9fdb6b00a489875b22efd4b78fe2b363b72265cc5f6eb2e2b9ee270e6140c"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "chrono",
  "hex",
  "indexmap 1.9.3",
@@ -4783,9 +4763,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_with_macros"
-version = "3.4.0"
+version = "3.5.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "93634eb5f75a2323b16de4748022ac4297f9e76b6dced2be287a099f41b5e788"
+checksum = "dbff351eb4b33600a2e138dfa0b10b65a238ea8ff8fb2387c422c5022a3e8298"
 dependencies = [
  "darling 0.20.3",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -4946,9 +4926,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "smallvec"
-version = "1.11.2"
+version = "1.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4dccd0940a2dcdf68d092b8cbab7dc0ad8fa938bf95787e1b916b0e3d0e8e970"
+checksum = "e6ecd384b10a64542d77071bd64bd7b231f4ed5940fba55e98c3de13824cf3d7"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "smart-default"
@@ -4961,16 +4941,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 2.0.48",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "socket2"
-version = "0.4.10"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9f7916fc008ca5542385b89a3d3ce689953c143e9304a9bf8beec1de48994c0d"
-dependencies = [
- "libc",
- "winapi",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "socket2"
 version = "0.5.5"
@@ -5186,15 +5156,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tempfile"
-version = "3.8.1"
+version = "3.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7ef1adac450ad7f4b3c28589471ade84f25f731a7a0fe30d71dfa9f60fd808e5"
+checksum = "01ce4141aa927a6d1bd34a041795abd0db1cccba5d5f24b009f694bdf3a1f3fa"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "fastrand",
  "redox_syscall 0.4.1",
- "rustix 0.38.28",
- "windows-sys 0.48.0",
+ "rustix 0.38.30",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5210,9 +5180,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "termcolor"
-version = "1.4.0"
+version = "1.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ff1bc3d3f05aff0403e8ac0d92ced918ec05b666a43f83297ccef5bea8a3d449"
+checksum = "06794f8f6c5c898b3275aebefa6b8a1cb24cd2c6c79397ab15774837a0bc5755"
 dependencies = [
  "winapi-util",
 ]
@@ -5249,9 +5219,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "time"
-version = "0.3.30"
+version = "0.3.31"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c4a34ab300f2dee6e562c10a046fc05e358b29f9bf92277f30c3c8d82275f6f5"
+checksum = "f657ba42c3f86e7680e53c8cd3af8abbe56b5491790b46e22e19c0d57463583e"
 dependencies = [
  "deranged",
  "itoa",
@@ -5269,9 +5239,9 @@ checksum = "ef927ca75afb808a4d64dd374f00a2adf8d0fcff8e7b184af886c3c87ec4a3f3"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "time-macros"
-version = "0.2.15"
+version = "0.2.16"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4ad70d68dba9e1f8aceda7aa6711965dfec1cac869f311a51bd08b3a2ccbce20"
+checksum = "26197e33420244aeb70c3e8c78376ca46571bc4e701e4791c2cd9f57dcb3a43f"
 dependencies = [
  "time-core",
 ]
@@ -5311,7 +5281,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "parking_lot 0.12.1",
  "pin-project-lite",
  "signal-hook-registry",
- "socket2 0.5.5",
+ "socket2",
  "tokio-macros",
  "tracing",
  "windows-sys 0.48.0",
@@ -5368,7 +5338,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "postgres-protocol",
  "postgres-types",
  "rand",
- "socket2 0.5.5",
+ "socket2",
  "tokio",
  "tokio-util",
  "whoami",
@@ -5542,7 +5512,7 @@ checksum = "3082666a3a6433f7f511c7192923fa1fe07c69332d3c6a2e6bb040b569199d5a"
 dependencies = [
  "async-trait",
  "axum",
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "bytes",
  "futures-core",
  "futures-util",
@@ -5571,7 +5541,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "async-stream",
  "async-trait",
  "axum",
- "base64 0.21.5",
+ "base64 0.21.7",
  "bytes",
  "h2",
  "http",
@@ -5591,9 +5561,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "totp-rs"
-version = "5.4.0"
+version = "5.5.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "df3504f96adf86d28e7eb16fa236a7951ec72c15ee100d1b5318e225944bc8cb"
+checksum = "6c4ae9724c5888c0417d2396037ed3b60665925624766416e3e342b6ba5dbd3f"
 dependencies = [
  "base32",
  "constant_time_eq",
@@ -5763,7 +5733,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "js-sys",
  "once_cell",
  "opentelemetry 0.21.0",
- "opentelemetry_sdk 0.21.1",
+ "opentelemetry_sdk 0.21.2",
  "smallvec",
  "tracing",
  "tracing-core",
@@ -5817,9 +5787,9 @@ checksum = "e421abadd41a4225275504ea4d6566923418b7f05506fbc9c0fe86ba7396114b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ts-rs"
-version = "7.0.0"
+version = "7.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e1ff1f8c90369bc172200013ac17ae86e7b5def580687df4e6127883454ff2b0"
+checksum = "fc2cae1fc5d05d47aa24b64f9a4f7cba24cdc9187a2084dd97ac57bef5eccae6"
 dependencies = [
  "chrono",
  "thiserror",
@@ -5828,9 +5798,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ts-rs-macros"
-version = "7.0.0"
+version = "7.1.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a6f41cc0aeb7a4a55730188e147d3795a7349b501f8334697fd37629b896cdc2"
+checksum = "73f7f9b821696963053a89a7bd8b292dc34420aea8294d7b225274d488f3ec92"
 dependencies = [
  "Inflector",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -5841,18 +5811,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "typed-builder"
-version = "0.18.0"
+version = "0.18.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e47c0496149861b7c95198088cbf36645016b1a0734cf350c50e2a38e070f38a"
+checksum = "444d8748011b93cb168770e8092458cb0f8854f931ff82fdf6ddfbd72a9c933e"
 dependencies = [
  "typed-builder-macro",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "typed-builder-macro"
-version = "0.18.0"
+version = "0.18.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "982ee4197351b5c9782847ef5ec1fdcaf50503fb19d68f9771adae314e72b492"
+checksum = "563b3b88238ec95680aef36bdece66896eaa7ce3c0f1b4f39d38fb2435261352"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -5876,9 +5846,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-bidi"
-version = "0.3.14"
+version = "0.3.15"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6f2528f27a9eb2b21e69c95319b30bd0efd85d09c379741b0f78ea1d86be2416"
+checksum = "08f95100a766bf4f8f28f90d77e0a5461bbdb219042e7679bebe79004fed8d75"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-general-category"
@@ -5963,9 +5933,9 @@ checksum = "711b9620af191e0cdc7468a8d14e709c3dcdb115b36f838e601583af800a370a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "uuid"
-version = "1.6.1"
+version = "1.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5e395fcf16a7a3d8127ec99782007af141946b4795001f876d54fb0d55978560"
+checksum = "f00cc9702ca12d3c81455259621e676d0f7251cec66a21e98fe2e9a37db93b2a"
 dependencies = [
  "atomic",
  "getrandom",
@@ -6017,9 +5987,9 @@ checksum = "9c8d87e72b64a3b4db28d11ce29237c246188f4f51057d65a7eab63b7987e423"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0ed0d4f68a3015cc185aff4db9506a015f4b96f95303897bfa23f846db54064e"
+checksum = "b1223296a201415c7fad14792dbefaace9bd52b62d33453ade1c5b5f07555406"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro",
@@ -6027,9 +5997,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-backend"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1b56f625e64f3a1084ded111c4d5f477df9f8c92df113852fa5a374dbda78826"
+checksum = "fcdc935b63408d58a32f8cc9738a0bffd8f05cc7c002086c6ef20b7312ad9dcd"
 dependencies = [
  "bumpalo",
  "log",
@@ -6042,9 +6012,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-futures"
-version = "0.4.39"
+version = "0.4.40"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ac36a15a220124ac510204aec1c3e5db8a22ab06fd6706d881dc6149f8ed9a12"
+checksum = "bde2032aeb86bdfaecc8b261eef3cba735cc426c1f3a3416d1e0791be95fc461"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "js-sys",
@@ -6054,9 +6024,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0162dbf37223cd2afce98f3d0785506dcb8d266223983e4b5b525859e6e182b2"
+checksum = "3e4c238561b2d428924c49815533a8b9121c664599558a5d9ec51f8a1740a999"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro-support",
@@ -6064,9 +6034,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro-support"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f0eb82fcb7930ae6219a7ecfd55b217f5f0893484b7a13022ebb2b2bf20b5283"
+checksum = "bae1abb6806dc1ad9e560ed242107c0f6c84335f1749dd4e8ddb012ebd5e25a7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -6077,9 +6047,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-shared"
-version = "0.2.89"
+version = "0.2.90"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7ab9b36309365056cd639da3134bf87fa8f3d86008abf99e612384a6eecd459f"
+checksum = "4d91413b1c31d7539ba5ef2451af3f0b833a005eb27a631cec32bc0635a8602b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-streams"
@@ -6105,9 +6075,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "web-sys"
-version = "0.3.66"
+version = "0.3.67"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "50c24a44ec86bb68fbecd1b3efed7e85ea5621b39b35ef2766b66cd984f8010f"
+checksum = "58cd2333b6e0be7a39605f0e255892fd7418a682d8da8fe042fe25128794d2ed"
 dependencies = [
  "js-sys",
  "wasm-bindgen",
@@ -6115,9 +6085,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "web-time"
-version = "0.2.3"
+version = "0.2.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "57099a701fb3a8043f993e8228dc24229c7b942e2b009a1b962e54489ba1d3bf"
+checksum = "aa30049b1c872b72c89866d458eae9f20380ab280ffd1b1e18df2d3e2d98cfe0"
 dependencies = [
  "js-sys",
  "wasm-bindgen",
@@ -6218,11 +6188,11 @@ checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-core"
-version = "0.51.1"
+version = "0.52.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f1f8cf84f35d2db49a46868f947758c7a1138116f7fac3bc844f43ade1292e64"
+checksum = "33ab640c8d7e35bf8ba19b884ba838ceb4fba93a4e8c65a9059d08afcfc683d9"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.48.5",
+ "windows-targets 0.52.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -6425,9 +6395,9 @@ checksum = "dff9641d1cd4be8d1a070daf9e3773c5f67e78b4d9d42263020c057706765c04"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "winnow"
-version = "0.5.28"
+version = "0.5.34"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6c830786f7720c2fd27a1a0e27a709dbd3c4d009b56d098fc742d4f4eab91fe2"
+checksum = "b7cf47b659b318dccbd69cc4797a39ae128f533dce7902a1096044d1967b9c16"
 dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
@@ -6476,18 +6446,18 @@ checksum = "09041cd90cf85f7f8b2df60c646f853b7f535ce68f85244eb6731cf89fa498ec"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy"
-version = "0.7.30"
+version = "0.7.32"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "306dca4455518f1f31635ec308b6b3e4eb1b11758cefafc782827d0aa7acb5c7"
+checksum = "74d4d3961e53fa4c9a25a8637fc2bfaf2595b3d3ae34875568a5cf64787716be"
 dependencies = [
  "zerocopy-derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy-derive"
-version = "0.7.30"
+version = "0.7.32"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "be912bf68235a88fbefd1b73415cb218405958d1655b2ece9035a19920bdf6ba"
+checksum = "9ce1b18ccd8e73a9321186f97e46f9f04b778851177567b1975109d26a08d2a6"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index ca5813335..4ff7eb2be 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.19.3-rc.1"
+version = "0.19.3"
 edition = "2021"
 description = "A link aggregator for the fediverse"
 license = "AGPL-3.0"
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ members = [
   "crates/api_common",
   "crates/apub",
   "crates/utils",
+  "crates/db_perf",
   "crates/db_schema",
   "crates/db_views",
   "crates/db_views_actor",
@@ -85,25 +86,25 @@ unused_self = "deny"
 unwrap_used = "deny"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-lemmy_api = { version = "=0.19.3-rc.1", path = "./crates/api" }
-lemmy_api_crud = { version = "=0.19.3-rc.1", path = "./crates/api_crud" }
-lemmy_apub = { version = "=0.19.3-rc.1", path = "./crates/apub" }
-lemmy_utils = { version = "=0.19.3-rc.1", path = "./crates/utils" }
-lemmy_db_schema = { version = "=0.19.3-rc.1", path = "./crates/db_schema" }
-lemmy_api_common = { version = "=0.19.3-rc.1", path = "./crates/api_common" }
-lemmy_routes = { version = "=0.19.3-rc.1", path = "./crates/routes" }
-lemmy_db_views = { version = "=0.19.3-rc.1", path = "./crates/db_views" }
-lemmy_db_views_actor = { version = "=0.19.3-rc.1", path = "./crates/db_views_actor" }
-lemmy_db_views_moderator = { version = "=0.19.3-rc.1", path = "./crates/db_views_moderator" }
+lemmy_api = { version = "=0.19.3", path = "./crates/api" }
+lemmy_api_crud = { version = "=0.19.3", path = "./crates/api_crud" }
+lemmy_apub = { version = "=0.19.3", path = "./crates/apub" }
+lemmy_utils = { version = "=0.19.3", path = "./crates/utils" }
+lemmy_db_schema = { version = "=0.19.3", path = "./crates/db_schema" }
+lemmy_api_common = { version = "=0.19.3", path = "./crates/api_common" }
+lemmy_routes = { version = "=0.19.3", path = "./crates/routes" }
+lemmy_db_views = { version = "=0.19.3", path = "./crates/db_views" }
+lemmy_db_views_actor = { version = "=0.19.3", path = "./crates/db_views_actor" }
+lemmy_db_views_moderator = { version = "=0.19.3", path = "./crates/db_views_moderator" }
 activitypub_federation = { version = "0.5.1-beta.1", default-features = false, features = [
   "actix-web",
 ] }
 diesel = "2.1.4"
 diesel_migrations = "2.1.0"
 diesel-async = "0.4.1"
-serde = { version = "1.0.193", features = ["derive"] }
-serde_with = "3.4.0"
-actix-web = { version = "4.4.0", default-features = false, features = [
+serde = { version = "1.0.195", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_with = "3.5.1"
+actix-web = { version = "4.4.1", default-features = false, features = [
   "macros",
   "rustls",
   "compress-brotli",
@@ -117,45 +118,47 @@ tracing-error = "0.2.0"
 tracing-log = "0.2.0"
 tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.18", features = ["env-filter"] }
 url = { version = "2.5.0", features = ["serde"] }
-reqwest = { version = "0.11.22", features = ["json", "blocking", "gzip"] }
+reqwest = { version = "0.11.23", features = ["json", "blocking", "gzip"] }
 reqwest-middleware = "0.2.4"
-reqwest-tracing = "0.4.6"
+reqwest-tracing = "0.4.7"
 clokwerk = "0.4.0"
 doku = { version = "0.21.1", features = ["url-2"] }
 bcrypt = "0.15.0"
-chrono = { version = "0.4.31", features = ["serde"], default-features = false }
-serde_json = { version = "1.0.108", features = ["preserve_order"] }
-base64 = "0.21.5"
-uuid = { version = "1.6.1", features = ["serde", "v4"] }
-async-trait = "0.1.74"
+chrono = { version = "0.4.32", features = ["serde"], default-features = false }
+serde_json = { version = "1.0.111", features = ["preserve_order"] }
+base64 = "0.21.7"
+uuid = { version = "1.7.0", features = ["serde", "v4"] }
+async-trait = "0.1.77"
 captcha = "0.0.9"
-anyhow = { version = "1.0.75", features = [
+anyhow = { version = "1.0.79", features = [
   "backtrace",
 ] } # backtrace is on by default on nightly, but not stable rust
-diesel_ltree = "0.3.0"
-typed-builder = "0.18.0"
+diesel_ltree = "0.3.1"
+typed-builder = "0.18.1"
 serial_test = "2.0.0"
-tokio = { version = "1.35.0", features = ["full"] }
-regex = "1.10.2"
+tokio = { version = "1.35.1", features = ["full"] }
+regex = "1.10.3"
 once_cell = "1.19.0"
 diesel-derive-newtype = "2.1.0"
 diesel-derive-enum = { version = "2.1.0", features = ["postgres"] }
 strum = "0.25.0"
 strum_macros = "0.25.3"
 itertools = "0.12.0"
-futures = "0.3.29"
+futures = "0.3.30"
 http = "0.2.11"
 percent-encoding = "2.3.1"
 rosetta-i18n = "0.1.3"
 opentelemetry = { version = "0.19.0", features = ["rt-tokio"] }
 tracing-opentelemetry = { version = "0.19.0" }
-ts-rs = { version = "7.0.0", features = ["serde-compat", "chrono-impl"] }
+ts-rs = { version = "7.1.1", features = ["serde-compat", "chrono-impl"] }
 rustls = { version = "0.21.10", features = ["dangerous_configuration"] }
-futures-util = "0.3.29"
+futures-util = "0.3.30"
 tokio-postgres = "0.7.10"
 tokio-postgres-rustls = "0.10.0"
 enum-map = "2.7"
-moka = { version = "0.12.1", features = ["future"] }
+moka = { version = "0.12.4", features = ["future"] }
+i-love-jesus = { version = "0.1.0" }
+clap = { version = "4.4.18", features = ["derive"] }
 pretty_assertions = "1.4.0"
 
 [dependencies]
@@ -166,7 +169,7 @@ lemmy_utils = { workspace = true }
 lemmy_db_schema = { workspace = true }
 lemmy_api_common = { workspace = true }
 lemmy_routes = { workspace = true }
-lemmy_federate = { version = "0.19.3-rc.1", path = "crates/federate" }
+lemmy_federate = { version = "0.19.3", path = "crates/federate" }
 activitypub_federation = { workspace = true }
 diesel = { workspace = true }
 diesel-async = { workspace = true }
@@ -186,14 +189,14 @@ tracing-opentelemetry = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 opentelemetry = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 console-subscriber = { version = "0.1.10", optional = true }
 opentelemetry-otlp = { version = "0.12.0", optional = true }
-pict-rs = { version = "0.5.0-rc.2", optional = true }
+pict-rs = { version = "0.5.1", optional = true }
 tokio.workspace = true
 actix-cors = "0.6.5"
 futures-util = { workspace = true }
 chrono = { workspace = true }
 prometheus = { version = "0.13.3", features = ["process"] }
 serial_test = { workspace = true }
-clap = { version = "4.4.11", features = ["derive"] }
+clap = { workspace = true }
 actix-web-prom = "0.7.0"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
diff --git a/api_tests/package.json b/api_tests/package.json
index 4d3e57d21..94cb2df9c 100644
--- a/api_tests/package.json
+++ b/api_tests/package.json
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
     "eslint": "^8.55.0",
     "eslint-plugin-prettier": "^5.0.1",
     "jest": "^29.5.0",
-    "lemmy-js-client": "0.19.0",
+    "lemmy-js-client": "0.19.2-alpha.2",
     "prettier": "^3.1.1",
     "ts-jest": "^29.1.0",
     "typescript": "^5.3.3"
diff --git a/api_tests/src/follow.spec.ts b/api_tests/src/follow.spec.ts
index 314b45eaf..0187e3ee1 100644
--- a/api_tests/src/follow.spec.ts
+++ b/api_tests/src/follow.spec.ts
@@ -24,21 +24,32 @@ test("Follow local community", async () => {
 
   let community = (await resolveBetaCommunity(user)).community!;
   expect(community.counts.subscribers).toBe(1);
+  expect(community.counts.subscribers_local).toBe(1);
   let follow = await followCommunity(user, true, community.community.id);
 
   // Make sure the follow response went through
   expect(follow.community_view.community.local).toBe(true);
   expect(follow.community_view.subscribed).toBe("Subscribed");
   expect(follow.community_view.counts.subscribers).toBe(2);
+  expect(follow.community_view.counts.subscribers_local).toBe(2);
 
   // Test an unfollow
   let unfollow = await followCommunity(user, false, community.community.id);
   expect(unfollow.community_view.subscribed).toBe("NotSubscribed");
   expect(unfollow.community_view.counts.subscribers).toBe(1);
+  expect(unfollow.community_view.counts.subscribers_local).toBe(1);
 });
 
 test("Follow federated community", async () => {
-  let betaCommunity = (await resolveBetaCommunity(alpha)).community;
+  // It takes about 1 second for the community aggregates to federate
+  let betaCommunity = (
+    await waitUntil(
+      () => resolveBetaCommunity(alpha),
+      c =>
+        c.community?.counts.subscribers === 1 &&
+        c.community.counts.subscribers_local === 0,
+    )
+  ).community;
   if (!betaCommunity) {
     throw "Missing beta community";
   }
@@ -55,10 +66,12 @@ test("Follow federated community", async () => {
   expect(betaCommunity?.community.local).toBe(false);
   expect(betaCommunity?.community.name).toBe("main");
   expect(betaCommunity?.subscribed).toBe("Subscribed");
+  expect(betaCommunity?.counts.subscribers_local).toBe(1);
 
   // check that unfollow was federated
   let communityOnBeta1 = await resolveBetaCommunity(beta);
   expect(communityOnBeta1.community?.counts.subscribers).toBe(2);
+  expect(communityOnBeta1.community?.counts.subscribers_local).toBe(1);
 
   // Check it from local
   let site = await getSite(alpha);
@@ -83,4 +96,5 @@ test("Follow federated community", async () => {
   // check that unfollow was federated
   let communityOnBeta2 = await resolveBetaCommunity(beta);
   expect(communityOnBeta2.community?.counts.subscribers).toBe(1);
+  expect(communityOnBeta2.community?.counts.subscribers_local).toBe(1);
 });
diff --git a/api_tests/yarn.lock b/api_tests/yarn.lock
index d2cf2ab26..6769952cc 100644
--- a/api_tests/yarn.lock
+++ b/api_tests/yarn.lock
@@ -2286,10 +2286,10 @@ kleur@^3.0.3:
   resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/kleur/-/kleur-3.0.3.tgz#a79c9ecc86ee1ce3fa6206d1216c501f147fc07e"
   integrity sha512-eTIzlVOSUR+JxdDFepEYcBMtZ9Qqdef+rnzWdRZuMbOywu5tO2w2N7rqjoANZ5k9vywhL6Br1VRjUIgTQx4E8w==
 
-lemmy-js-client@0.19.0:
-  version "0.19.0"
-  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/lemmy-js-client/-/lemmy-js-client-0.19.0.tgz#50098183264fa176784857f45665b06994b31e18"
-  integrity sha512-h+E8wC9RKjlToWw9+kuGFAzk4Fiaf61KqAwzvoCDAfj2L1r+YNt5EDMOggGCoRx5PlqLuIVr7BNEU46KxJfmHA==
+lemmy-js-client@0.19.2-alpha.2:
+  version "0.19.2-alpha.2"
+  resolved "https://registry.yarnpkg.com/lemmy-js-client/-/lemmy-js-client-0.19.2-alpha.2.tgz#09956df6392fa7df437343d1f1576b6297537113"
+  integrity sha512-/RztLo4EIDQeEN51awYJfx8JcNCHecOPrM14sSJ6/qLOOxQTPFsDrd7a2WplHpj7Wf8xci2UNfW26PmnVMOPaQ==
   dependencies:
     cross-fetch "^3.1.5"
     form-data "^4.0.0"
diff --git a/crates/api/Cargo.toml b/crates/api/Cargo.toml
index 2f39166c7..66dcea19b 100644
--- a/crates/api/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/api/Cargo.toml
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ chrono = { workspace = true }
 url = { workspace = true }
 wav = "1.0.0"
 sitemap-rs = "0.2.0"
-totp-rs = { version = "5.4.0", features = ["gen_secret", "otpauth"] }
+totp-rs = { version = "5.5.1", features = ["gen_secret", "otpauth"] }
 actix-web-httpauth = "0.8.1"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
diff --git a/crates/api/src/comment/list_comment_likes.rs b/crates/api/src/comment/list_comment_likes.rs
index cb487c9f1..b442cce23 100644
--- a/crates/api/src/comment/list_comment_likes.rs
+++ b/crates/api/src/comment/list_comment_likes.rs
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ use actix_web::web::{Data, Json, Query};
 use lemmy_api_common::{
   comment::{ListCommentLikes, ListCommentLikesResponse},
   context::LemmyContext,
-  utils::is_admin,
+  utils::is_mod_or_admin,
 };
-use lemmy_db_views::structs::{LocalUserView, VoteView};
+use lemmy_db_views::structs::{CommentView, LocalUserView, VoteView};
 use lemmy_utils::error::LemmyError;
 
 /// Lists likes for a comment
@@ -14,8 +14,18 @@ pub async fn list_comment_likes(
   context: Data<LemmyContext>,
   local_user_view: LocalUserView,
 ) -> Result<Json<ListCommentLikesResponse>, LemmyError> {
-  // Make sure user is an admin
-  is_admin(&local_user_view)?;
+  let comment_view = CommentView::read(
+    &mut context.pool(),
+    data.comment_id,
+    Some(local_user_view.person.id),
+  )
+  .await?;
+  is_mod_or_admin(
+    &mut context.pool(),
+    &local_user_view.person,
+    comment_view.community.id,
+  )
+  .await?;
 
   let comment_likes =
     VoteView::list_for_comment(&mut context.pool(), data.comment_id, data.page, data.limit).await?;
diff --git a/crates/api/src/post/list_post_likes.rs b/crates/api/src/post/list_post_likes.rs
index 0e52052df..84690a41b 100644
--- a/crates/api/src/post/list_post_likes.rs
+++ b/crates/api/src/post/list_post_likes.rs
@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ use actix_web::web::{Data, Json, Query};
 use lemmy_api_common::{
   context::LemmyContext,
   post::{ListPostLikes, ListPostLikesResponse},
-  utils::is_admin,
+  utils::is_mod_or_admin,
 };
+use lemmy_db_schema::{source::post::Post, traits::Crud};
 use lemmy_db_views::structs::{LocalUserView, VoteView};
 use lemmy_utils::error::LemmyError;
 
@@ -14,8 +15,13 @@ pub async fn list_post_likes(
   context: Data<LemmyContext>,
   local_user_view: LocalUserView,
 ) -> Result<Json<ListPostLikesResponse>, LemmyError> {
-  // Make sure user is an admin
-  is_admin(&local_user_view)?;
+  let post = Post::read(&mut context.pool(), data.post_id).await?;
+  is_mod_or_admin(
+    &mut context.pool(),
+    &local_user_view.person,
+    post.community_id,
+  )
+  .await?;
 
   let post_likes =
     VoteView::list_for_post(&mut context.pool(), data.post_id, data.page, data.limit).await?;
diff --git a/crates/api_common/Cargo.toml b/crates/api_common/Cargo.toml
index 0e1ea6fb4..a9db23f86 100644
--- a/crates/api_common/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/api_common/Cargo.toml
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ once_cell = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 actix-web = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 jsonwebtoken = { version = "8.3.0", optional = true }
 # necessary for wasmt compilation
-getrandom = { version = "0.2.11", features = ["js"] }
+getrandom = { version = "0.2.12", features = ["js"] }
 enum-map = { workspace = true }
 
 [package.metadata.cargo-machete]
diff --git a/crates/api_common/src/person.rs b/crates/api_common/src/person.rs
index 145e00e7a..328674e1f 100644
--- a/crates/api_common/src/person.rs
+++ b/crates/api_common/src/person.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use crate::sensitive::Sensitive;
 use lemmy_db_schema::{
   newtypes::{CommentReplyId, CommunityId, LanguageId, PersonId, PersonMentionId},
+  source::site::Site,
   CommentSortType,
   ListingType,
   PostListingMode,
@@ -172,12 +173,14 @@ pub struct GetPersonDetails {
   pub saved_only: Option<bool>,
 }
 
+#[skip_serializing_none]
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "full", derive(TS))]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "full", ts(export))]
 /// A person's details response.
 pub struct GetPersonDetailsResponse {
   pub person_view: PersonView,
+  pub site: Option<Site>,
   pub comments: Vec<CommentView>,
   pub posts: Vec<PostView>,
   pub moderates: Vec<CommunityModeratorView>,
diff --git a/crates/api_common/src/utils.rs b/crates/api_common/src/utils.rs
index 7cc96174b..ec8e7863e 100644
--- a/crates/api_common/src/utils.rs
+++ b/crates/api_common/src/utils.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ use lemmy_db_schema::{
     person::{Person, PersonUpdateForm},
     person_block::PersonBlock,
     post::{Post, PostRead},
+    site::Site,
   },
   traits::Crud,
   utils::DbPool,
@@ -547,6 +548,18 @@ pub fn check_private_instance_and_federation_enabled(
   }
 }
 
+/// Read the site for an actor_id.
+///
+/// Used for GetCommunityResponse and GetPersonDetails
+pub async fn read_site_for_actor(
+  actor_id: DbUrl,
+  context: &LemmyContext,
+) -> Result<Option<Site>, LemmyError> {
+  let site_id = Site::instance_actor_id_from_url(actor_id.clone().into());
+  let site = Site::read_from_apub_id(&mut context.pool(), &site_id.into()).await?;
+  Ok(site)
+}
+
 pub async fn purge_image_posts_for_person(
   banned_person_id: PersonId,
   context: &LemmyContext,
diff --git a/crates/apub/src/api/read_community.rs b/crates/apub/src/api/read_community.rs
index afa6fb829..a41deb32c 100644
--- a/crates/apub/src/api/read_community.rs
+++ b/crates/apub/src/api/read_community.rs
@@ -4,13 +4,12 @@ use actix_web::web::{Json, Query};
 use lemmy_api_common::{
   community::{GetCommunity, GetCommunityResponse},
   context::LemmyContext,
-  utils::{check_private_instance, is_mod_or_admin_opt},
+  utils::{check_private_instance, is_mod_or_admin_opt, read_site_for_actor},
 };
 use lemmy_db_schema::source::{
   actor_language::CommunityLanguage,
   community::Community,
   local_site::LocalSite,
-  site::Site,
 };
 use lemmy_db_views::structs::LocalUserView;
 use lemmy_db_views_actor::structs::{CommunityModeratorView, CommunityView};
@@ -64,15 +63,7 @@ pub async fn get_community(
     .await
     .with_lemmy_type(LemmyErrorType::CouldntFindCommunity)?;
 
-  let site_id = Site::instance_actor_id_from_url(community_view.community.actor_id.clone().into());
-  let mut site = Site::read_from_apub_id(&mut context.pool(), &site_id.into()).await?;
-  // no need to include metadata for local site (its already available through other endpoints).
-  // this also prevents us from leaking the federation private key.
-  if let Some(s) = &site {
-    if s.actor_id.domain() == Some(context.settings().hostname.as_ref()) {
-      site = None;
-    }
-  }
+  let site = read_site_for_actor(community_view.community.actor_id.clone(), &context).await?;
 
   let community_id = community_view.community.id;
   let discussion_languages = CommunityLanguage::read(&mut context.pool(), community_id).await?;
diff --git a/crates/apub/src/api/read_person.rs b/crates/apub/src/api/read_person.rs
index 107212e89..52ef1a357 100644
--- a/crates/apub/src/api/read_person.rs
+++ b/crates/apub/src/api/read_person.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use actix_web::web::{Json, Query};
 use lemmy_api_common::{
   context::LemmyContext,
   person::{GetPersonDetails, GetPersonDetailsResponse},
-  utils::check_private_instance,
+  utils::{check_private_instance, read_site_for_actor},
 };
 use lemmy_db_schema::{source::person::Person, utils::post_to_comment_sort_type};
 use lemmy_db_views::{
@@ -90,9 +90,12 @@ pub async fn read_person(
   let moderates =
     CommunityModeratorView::for_person(&mut context.pool(), person_details_id).await?;
 
+  let site = read_site_for_actor(person_view.person.actor_id.clone(), &context).await?;
+
   // Return the jwt
   Ok(Json(GetPersonDetailsResponse {
     person_view,
+    site,
     moderates,
     comments,
     posts,
diff --git a/crates/apub/src/api/user_settings_backup.rs b/crates/apub/src/api/user_settings_backup.rs
index bbc71b52a..e42e74d30 100644
--- a/crates/apub/src/api/user_settings_backup.rs
+++ b/crates/apub/src/api/user_settings_backup.rs
@@ -106,10 +106,10 @@ pub async fn import_settings(
 
   let local_user_form = LocalUserUpdateForm {
     show_nsfw: data.settings.as_ref().map(|s| s.show_nsfw),
-    theme: data.settings.as_ref().map(|s| s.theme.clone()),
+    theme: data.settings.clone().map(|s| s.theme.clone()),
     default_sort_type: data.settings.as_ref().map(|s| s.default_sort_type),
     default_listing_type: data.settings.as_ref().map(|s| s.default_listing_type),
-    interface_language: data.settings.as_ref().map(|s| s.interface_language.clone()),
+    interface_language: data.settings.clone().map(|s| s.interface_language),
     show_avatars: data.settings.as_ref().map(|s| s.show_avatars),
     send_notifications_to_email: data
       .settings
diff --git a/crates/apub/src/collections/community_featured.rs b/crates/apub/src/collections/community_featured.rs
index b3ee54db6..b106e3d9a 100644
--- a/crates/apub/src/collections/community_featured.rs
+++ b/crates/apub/src/collections/community_featured.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use lemmy_utils::error::LemmyError;
 use url::Url;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub(crate) struct ApubCommunityFeatured(Vec<ApubPost>);
+pub(crate) struct ApubCommunityFeatured(());
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl Collection for ApubCommunityFeatured {
@@ -86,6 +86,6 @@ impl Collection for ApubCommunityFeatured {
     .await;
 
     // This return value is unused, so just set an empty vec
-    Ok(ApubCommunityFeatured(Vec::new()))
+    Ok(ApubCommunityFeatured(()))
   }
 }
diff --git a/crates/apub/src/collections/community_follower.rs b/crates/apub/src/collections/community_follower.rs
index da0e52069..a4f5debbc 100644
--- a/crates/apub/src/collections/community_follower.rs
+++ b/crates/apub/src/collections/community_follower.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use lemmy_utils::error::LemmyError;
 use url::Url;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub(crate) struct ApubCommunityFollower(Vec<()>);
+pub(crate) struct ApubCommunityFollower(());
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl Collection for ApubCommunityFollower {
@@ -61,6 +61,6 @@ impl Collection for ApubCommunityFollower {
     )
     .await?;
 
-    Ok(ApubCommunityFollower(Vec::new()))
+    Ok(ApubCommunityFollower(()))
   }
 }
diff --git a/crates/apub/src/collections/community_moderators.rs b/crates/apub/src/collections/community_moderators.rs
index fc4d09a02..4ad499ea2 100644
--- a/crates/apub/src/collections/community_moderators.rs
+++ b/crates/apub/src/collections/community_moderators.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use lemmy_utils::error::LemmyError;
 use url::Url;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub(crate) struct ApubCommunityModerators(pub(crate) Vec<CommunityModeratorView>);
+pub(crate) struct ApubCommunityModerators(());
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl Collection for ApubCommunityModerators {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ impl Collection for ApubCommunityModerators {
     }
 
     // This return value is unused, so just set an empty vec
-    Ok(ApubCommunityModerators(Vec::new()))
+    Ok(ApubCommunityModerators(()))
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/apub/src/collections/community_outbox.rs b/crates/apub/src/collections/community_outbox.rs
index 8e319403d..0799db789 100644
--- a/crates/apub/src/collections/community_outbox.rs
+++ b/crates/apub/src/collections/community_outbox.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ use lemmy_utils::error::LemmyError;
 use url::Url;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub(crate) struct ApubCommunityOutbox(Vec<ApubPost>);
+pub(crate) struct ApubCommunityOutbox(());
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl Collection for ApubCommunityOutbox {
@@ -111,6 +111,6 @@ impl Collection for ApubCommunityOutbox {
     .await;
 
     // This return value is unused, so just set an empty vec
-    Ok(ApubCommunityOutbox(Vec::new()))
+    Ok(ApubCommunityOutbox(()))
   }
 }
diff --git a/crates/db_perf/Cargo.toml b/crates/db_perf/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..87d2a58ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/db_perf/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+[package]
+name = "lemmy_db_perf"
+version.workspace = true
+edition.workspace = true
+description.workspace = true
+license.workspace = true
+homepage.workspace = true
+documentation.workspace = true
+repository.workspace = true
+
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true
+
+[dependencies]
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
+clap = { workspace = true }
+diesel = { workspace = true }
+diesel-async = { workspace = true }
+lemmy_db_schema = { workspace = true }
+lemmy_db_views = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
+lemmy_utils = { workspace = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/crates/db_perf/src/main.rs b/crates/db_perf/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..60bd30c82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/db_perf/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+mod series;
+
+use crate::series::ValuesFromSeries;
+use anyhow::Context;
+use clap::Parser;
+use diesel::{
+  dsl::{self, sql},
+  sql_types,
+  ExpressionMethods,
+  IntoSql,
+};
+use diesel_async::{RunQueryDsl, SimpleAsyncConnection};
+use lemmy_db_schema::{
+  schema::post,
+  source::{
+    community::{Community, CommunityInsertForm},
+    instance::Instance,
+    person::{Person, PersonInsertForm},
+  },
+  traits::Crud,
+  utils::{build_db_pool, get_conn, now},
+  SortType,
+};
+use lemmy_db_views::{post_view::PostQuery, structs::PaginationCursor};
+use lemmy_utils::error::{LemmyErrorExt2, LemmyResult};
+use std::num::NonZeroU32;
+
+#[derive(Parser, Debug)]
+struct CmdArgs {
+  #[arg(long, default_value_t = 3.try_into().unwrap())]
+  communities: NonZeroU32,
+  #[arg(long, default_value_t = 3.try_into().unwrap())]
+  people: NonZeroU32,
+  #[arg(long, default_value_t = 100000.try_into().unwrap())]
+  posts: NonZeroU32,
+  #[arg(long, default_value_t = 0)]
+  read_post_pages: u32,
+  #[arg(long)]
+  explain_insertions: bool,
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+  let mut result = try_main().await.into_anyhow();
+  if let Ok(path) = std::env::var("PGDATA") {
+    result = result.with_context(|| {
+      format!("Failed to run lemmy_db_perf (more details might be available in {path}/log)")
+    });
+  }
+  result
+}
+
+async fn try_main() -> LemmyResult<()> {
+  let args = CmdArgs::parse();
+  let pool = &build_db_pool().await?;
+  let pool = &mut pool.into();
+  let conn = &mut get_conn(pool).await?;
+
+  if args.explain_insertions {
+    // log_nested_statements is enabled to log trigger execution
+    conn
+      .batch_execute(
+        "SET auto_explain.log_min_duration = 0; SET auto_explain.log_nested_statements = on;",
+      )
+      .await?;
+  }
+
+  let instance = Instance::read_or_create(&mut conn.into(), "reddit.com".to_owned()).await?;
+
+  println!("🫃 creating {} people", args.people);
+  let mut person_ids = vec![];
+  for i in 0..args.people.get() {
+    let form = PersonInsertForm::builder()
+      .name(format!("p{i}"))
+      .public_key("pubkey".to_owned())
+      .instance_id(instance.id)
+      .build();
+    person_ids.push(Person::create(&mut conn.into(), &form).await?.id);
+  }
+
+  println!("🌍 creating {} communities", args.communities);
+  let mut community_ids = vec![];
+  for i in 0..args.communities.get() {
+    let form = CommunityInsertForm::builder()
+      .name(format!("c{i}"))
+      .title(i.to_string())
+      .instance_id(instance.id)
+      .build();
+    community_ids.push(Community::create(&mut conn.into(), &form).await?.id);
+  }
+
+  let post_batches = args.people.get() * args.communities.get();
+  let posts_per_batch = args.posts.get() / post_batches;
+  let num_posts = post_batches * posts_per_batch;
+  println!(
+    "📜 creating {} posts ({} featured in community)",
+    num_posts, post_batches
+  );
+  let mut num_inserted_posts = 0;
+  // TODO: progress bar
+  for person_id in &person_ids {
+    for community_id in &community_ids {
+      let n = dsl::insert_into(post::table)
+        .values(ValuesFromSeries {
+          start: 1,
+          stop: posts_per_batch.into(),
+          selection: (
+            "AAAAAAAAAAA".into_sql::<sql_types::Text>(),
+            person_id.into_sql::<sql_types::Integer>(),
+            community_id.into_sql::<sql_types::Integer>(),
+            series::current_value.eq(1),
+            now()
+              - sql::<sql_types::Interval>("make_interval(secs => ")
+                .bind::<sql_types::BigInt, _>(series::current_value)
+                .sql(")"),
+          ),
+        })
+        .into_columns((
+          post::name,
+          post::creator_id,
+          post::community_id,
+          post::featured_community,
+          post::published,
+        ))
+        .execute(conn)
+        .await?;
+      num_inserted_posts += n;
+    }
+  }
+  // Make sure the println above shows the correct amount
+  assert_eq!(num_inserted_posts, num_posts as usize);
+
+  // Enable auto_explain
+  conn
+    .batch_execute(
+      "SET auto_explain.log_min_duration = 0; SET auto_explain.log_nested_statements = off;",
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+  // TODO: show execution duration stats
+  let mut page_after = None;
+  for page_num in 1..=args.read_post_pages {
+    println!(
+      "👀 getting page {page_num} of posts (pagination cursor used: {})",
+      page_after.is_some()
+    );
+
+    // TODO: include local_user
+    let post_views = PostQuery {
+      community_id: community_ids.as_slice().first().cloned(),
+      sort: Some(SortType::New),
+      limit: Some(20),
+      page_after,
+      ..Default::default()
+    }
+    .list(&mut conn.into())
+    .await?;
+
+    if let Some(post_view) = post_views.into_iter().last() {
+      println!("👀 getting pagination cursor data for next page");
+      let cursor_data = PaginationCursor::after_post(&post_view)
+        .read(&mut conn.into())
+        .await?;
+      page_after = Some(cursor_data);
+    } else {
+      println!("👀 reached empty page");
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Delete everything, which might prevent problems if this is not run using scripts/db_perf.sh
+  Instance::delete(&mut conn.into(), instance.id).await?;
+
+  if let Ok(path) = std::env::var("PGDATA") {
+    println!("🪵 query plans written in {path}/log");
+  }
+
+  Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/crates/db_perf/src/series.rs b/crates/db_perf/src/series.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0dcddbd9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/db_perf/src/series.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+use diesel::{
+  dsl,
+  expression::{is_aggregate, ValidGrouping},
+  pg::Pg,
+  query_builder::{AsQuery, AstPass, QueryFragment},
+  result::Error,
+  sql_types,
+  AppearsOnTable,
+  Expression,
+  Insertable,
+  QueryId,
+  SelectableExpression,
+};
+
+/// Gererates a series of rows for insertion.
+///
+/// An inclusive range is created from `start` and `stop`. A row for each number is generated using `selection`, which can be a tuple.
+/// [`current_value`] is an expression that gets the current value.
+///
+/// For example, if there's a `numbers` table with a `number` column, this inserts all numbers from 1 to 10 in a single statement:
+///
+/// ```
+/// dsl::insert_into(numbers::table)
+///   .values(ValuesFromSeries {
+///     start: 1,
+///     stop: 10,
+///     selection: series::current_value,
+///   })
+///   .into_columns(numbers::number)
+/// ```
+#[derive(QueryId)]
+pub struct ValuesFromSeries<S> {
+  pub start: i64,
+  pub stop: i64,
+  pub selection: S,
+}
+
+impl<S: QueryFragment<Pg>> QueryFragment<Pg> for ValuesFromSeries<S> {
+  fn walk_ast<'b>(&'b self, mut out: AstPass<'_, 'b, Pg>) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    self.selection.walk_ast(out.reborrow())?;
+    out.push_sql(" FROM generate_series(");
+    out.push_bind_param::<sql_types::BigInt, _>(&self.start)?;
+    out.push_sql(", ");
+    out.push_bind_param::<sql_types::BigInt, _>(&self.stop)?;
+    out.push_sql(")");
+
+    Ok(())
+  }
+}
+
+impl<S: Expression> Expression for ValuesFromSeries<S> {
+  type SqlType = S::SqlType;
+}
+
+impl<T, S: AppearsOnTable<current_value>> AppearsOnTable<T> for ValuesFromSeries<S> {}
+
+impl<T, S: SelectableExpression<current_value>> SelectableExpression<T> for ValuesFromSeries<S> {}
+
+impl<T, S: SelectableExpression<current_value>> Insertable<T> for ValuesFromSeries<S>
+where
+  dsl::BareSelect<Self>: AsQuery + Insertable<T>,
+{
+  type Values = <dsl::BareSelect<Self> as Insertable<T>>::Values;
+
+  fn values(self) -> Self::Values {
+    dsl::select(self).values()
+  }
+}
+
+impl<S: ValidGrouping<(), IsAggregate = is_aggregate::No>> ValidGrouping<()>
+  for ValuesFromSeries<S>
+{
+  type IsAggregate = is_aggregate::No;
+}
+
+#[allow(non_camel_case_types)]
+#[derive(QueryId, Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct current_value;
+
+impl QueryFragment<Pg> for current_value {
+  fn walk_ast<'b>(&'b self, mut out: AstPass<'_, 'b, Pg>) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    out.push_identifier("generate_series")?;
+
+    Ok(())
+  }
+}
+
+impl Expression for current_value {
+  type SqlType = sql_types::BigInt;
+}
+
+impl AppearsOnTable<current_value> for current_value {}
+
+impl SelectableExpression<current_value> for current_value {}
+
+impl ValidGrouping<()> for current_value {
+  type IsAggregate = is_aggregate::No;
+}
diff --git a/crates/db_schema/Cargo.toml b/crates/db_schema/Cargo.toml
index 377af58b9..91ff39bfe 100644
--- a/crates/db_schema/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/db_schema/Cargo.toml
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ full = [
   "tokio-postgres",
   "tokio-postgres-rustls",
   "rustls",
+  "i-love-jesus",
 ]
 
 [dependencies]
@@ -76,6 +77,8 @@ tokio-postgres = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 tokio-postgres-rustls = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 rustls = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 uuid = { workspace = true, features = ["v4"] }
+i-love-jesus = { workspace = true, optional = true }
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 serial_test = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/crates/db_schema/src/aggregates/community_aggregates.rs b/crates/db_schema/src/aggregates/community_aggregates.rs
index f4202738d..334688b97 100644
--- a/crates/db_schema/src/aggregates/community_aggregates.rs
+++ b/crates/db_schema/src/aggregates/community_aggregates.rs
@@ -156,6 +156,7 @@ mod tests {
       .unwrap();
 
     assert_eq!(2, community_aggregates_before_delete.subscribers);
+    assert_eq!(2, community_aggregates_before_delete.subscribers_local);
     assert_eq!(1, community_aggregates_before_delete.posts);
     assert_eq!(2, community_aggregates_before_delete.comments);
 
@@ -164,6 +165,7 @@ mod tests {
       .await
       .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(1, another_community_aggs.subscribers);
+    assert_eq!(1, another_community_aggs.subscribers_local);
     assert_eq!(0, another_community_aggs.posts);
     assert_eq!(0, another_community_aggs.comments);
 
@@ -175,6 +177,7 @@ mod tests {
       .await
       .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(1, after_unfollow.subscribers);
+    assert_eq!(1, after_unfollow.subscribers_local);
 
     // Follow again just for the later tests
     CommunityFollower::follow(pool, &second_person_follow)
@@ -184,6 +187,7 @@ mod tests {
       .await
       .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(2, after_follow_again.subscribers);
+    assert_eq!(2, after_follow_again.subscribers_local);
 
     // Remove a parent post (the comment count should also be 0)
     Post::delete(pool, inserted_post.id).await.unwrap();
@@ -201,6 +205,7 @@ mod tests {
       .await
       .unwrap();
     assert_eq!(1, after_person_delete.subscribers);
+    assert_eq!(1, after_person_delete.subscribers_local);
 
     // This should delete all the associated rows, and fire triggers
     let person_num_deleted = Person::delete(pool, inserted_person.id).await.unwrap();
diff --git a/crates/db_schema/src/aggregates/structs.rs b/crates/db_schema/src/aggregates/structs.rs
index 0020ecab0..45a43adf8 100644
--- a/crates/db_schema/src/aggregates/structs.rs
+++ b/crates/db_schema/src/aggregates/structs.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ use crate::schema::{
   site_aggregates,
 };
 use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
+#[cfg(feature = "full")]
+use i_love_jesus::CursorKeysModule;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 #[cfg(feature = "full")]
 use ts_rs::TS;
@@ -66,6 +68,7 @@ pub struct CommunityAggregates {
   pub users_active_half_year: i64,
   #[serde(skip)]
   pub hot_rank: f64,
+  pub subscribers_local: i64,
 }
 
 #[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Default)]
@@ -92,13 +95,21 @@ pub struct PersonAggregates {
 #[derive(PartialEq, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
 #[cfg_attr(
   feature = "full",
-  derive(Queryable, Selectable, Associations, Identifiable, TS)
+  derive(
+    Queryable,
+    Selectable,
+    Associations,
+    Identifiable,
+    TS,
+    CursorKeysModule
+  )
 )]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "full", diesel(table_name = post_aggregates))]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "full", diesel(belongs_to(crate::source::post::Post)))]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "full", diesel(primary_key(post_id)))]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "full", diesel(check_for_backend(diesel::pg::Pg)))]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "full", ts(export))]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "full", cursor_keys_module(name = post_aggregates_keys))]
 /// Aggregate data for a post.
 pub struct PostAggregates {
   pub post_id: PostId,
diff --git a/crates/db_schema/src/impls/actor_language.rs b/crates/db_schema/src/impls/actor_language.rs
index 08ebcbd05..1f8fa2e91 100644
--- a/crates/db_schema/src/impls/actor_language.rs
+++ b/crates/db_schema/src/impls/actor_language.rs
@@ -96,16 +96,18 @@ impl LocalUserLanguage {
             .execute(conn)
             .await?;
 
-          for l in lang_ids {
-            let form = LocalUserLanguageForm {
+          let forms = lang_ids
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|l| LocalUserLanguageForm {
               local_user_id: for_local_user_id,
               language_id: l,
-            };
-            insert_into(local_user_language)
-              .values(form)
-              .get_result::<Self>(conn)
-              .await?;
-          }
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+          insert_into(local_user_language)
+            .values(forms)
+            .execute(conn)
+            .await?;
           Ok(())
         }) as _
       })
@@ -164,16 +166,18 @@ impl SiteLanguage {
             .execute(conn)
             .await?;
 
-          for l in lang_ids {
-            let form = SiteLanguageForm {
+          let forms = lang_ids
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|l| SiteLanguageForm {
               site_id: for_site_id,
               language_id: l,
-            };
-            insert_into(site_language)
-              .values(form)
-              .get_result::<Self>(conn)
-              .await?;
-          }
+            })
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+          insert_into(site_language)
+            .values(forms)
+            .get_result::<Self>(conn)
+            .await?;
 
           CommunityLanguage::limit_languages(conn, instance_id).await?;
 
diff --git a/crates/db_schema/src/schema.rs b/crates/db_schema/src/schema.rs
index 990b38d6f..0ffd62302 100644
--- a/crates/db_schema/src/schema.rs
+++ b/crates/db_schema/src/schema.rs
@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ diesel::table! {
         users_active_month -> Int8,
         users_active_half_year -> Int8,
         hot_rank -> Float8,
+        subscribers_local -> Int8,
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/crates/db_schema/src/utils.rs b/crates/db_schema/src/utils.rs
index d7af17544..945a00647 100644
--- a/crates/db_schema/src/utils.rs
+++ b/crates/db_schema/src/utils.rs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use crate::{
   SortType,
 };
 use activitypub_federation::{fetch::object_id::ObjectId, traits::Object};
+use anyhow::Context;
 use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
 use deadpool::Runtime;
 use diesel::{
@@ -13,9 +14,11 @@ use diesel::{
   deserialize::FromSql,
   helper_types::AsExprOf,
   pg::Pg,
+  query_builder::{Query, QueryFragment},
+  query_dsl::methods::LimitDsl,
   result::{ConnectionError, ConnectionResult, Error as DieselError, Error::QueryBuilderError},
   serialize::{Output, ToSql},
-  sql_types::{Text, Timestamptz},
+  sql_types::{self, Text, Timestamptz},
   IntoSql,
   PgConnection,
 };
@@ -29,6 +32,7 @@ use diesel_async::{
 };
 use diesel_migrations::EmbeddedMigrations;
 use futures_util::{future::BoxFuture, Future, FutureExt};
+use i_love_jesus::CursorKey;
 use lemmy_utils::{
   error::{LemmyError, LemmyErrorExt, LemmyErrorType},
   settings::SETTINGS,
@@ -150,6 +154,86 @@ macro_rules! try_join_with_pool {
   }};
 }
 
+pub struct ReverseTimestampKey<K>(pub K);
+
+impl<K, C> CursorKey<C> for ReverseTimestampKey<K>
+where
+  K: CursorKey<C, SqlType = Timestamptz>,
+{
+  type SqlType = sql_types::BigInt;
+  type CursorValue = functions::reverse_timestamp_sort::HelperType<K::CursorValue>;
+  type SqlValue = functions::reverse_timestamp_sort::HelperType<K::SqlValue>;
+
+  fn get_cursor_value(cursor: &C) -> Self::CursorValue {
+    functions::reverse_timestamp_sort(K::get_cursor_value(cursor))
+  }
+
+  fn get_sql_value() -> Self::SqlValue {
+    functions::reverse_timestamp_sort(K::get_sql_value())
+  }
+}
+
+/// Includes an SQL comment before `T`, which can be used to label auto_explain output
+#[derive(QueryId)]
+pub struct Commented<T> {
+  comment: String,
+  inner: T,
+}
+
+impl<T> Commented<T> {
+  pub fn new(inner: T) -> Self {
+    Commented {
+      comment: String::new(),
+      inner,
+    }
+  }
+
+  /// Adds `text` to the comment if `condition` is true
+  pub fn text_if(mut self, text: &str, condition: bool) -> Self {
+    if condition {
+      if !self.comment.is_empty() {
+        self.comment.push_str(", ");
+      }
+      self.comment.push_str(text);
+    }
+    self
+  }
+
+  /// Adds `text` to the comment
+  pub fn text(self, text: &str) -> Self {
+    self.text_if(text, true)
+  }
+}
+
+impl<T: Query> Query for Commented<T> {
+  type SqlType = T::SqlType;
+}
+
+impl<T: QueryFragment<Pg>> QueryFragment<Pg> for Commented<T> {
+  fn walk_ast<'b>(
+    &'b self,
+    mut out: diesel::query_builder::AstPass<'_, 'b, Pg>,
+  ) -> Result<(), DieselError> {
+    for line in self.comment.lines() {
+      out.push_sql("\n-- ");
+      out.push_sql(line);
+    }
+    out.push_sql("\n");
+    self.inner.walk_ast(out.reborrow())
+  }
+}
+
+impl<T: LimitDsl> LimitDsl for Commented<T> {
+  type Output = Commented<T::Output>;
+
+  fn limit(self, limit: i64) -> Self::Output {
+    Commented {
+      comment: self.comment,
+      inner: self.inner.limit(limit),
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 pub fn fuzzy_search(q: &str) -> String {
   let replaced = q.replace('%', "\\%").replace('_', "\\_").replace(' ', "%");
   format!("%{replaced}%")
@@ -275,15 +359,18 @@ impl ServerCertVerifier for NoCertVerifier {
 
 pub const MIGRATIONS: EmbeddedMigrations = embed_migrations!();
 
-fn run_migrations(db_url: &str) {
+fn run_migrations(db_url: &str) -> Result<(), LemmyError> {
   // Needs to be a sync connection
   let mut conn =
-    PgConnection::establish(db_url).unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("Error connecting to {db_url}: {e}"));
+    PgConnection::establish(db_url).with_context(|| format!("Error connecting to {db_url}"))?;
+
   info!("Running Database migrations (This may take a long time)...");
-  let _ = &mut conn
+  conn
     .run_pending_migrations(MIGRATIONS)
-    .unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("Couldn't run DB Migrations: {e}"));
+    .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Couldn't run DB Migrations: {e}"))?;
   info!("Database migrations complete.");
+
+  Ok(())
 }
 
 pub async fn build_db_pool() -> Result<ActualDbPool, LemmyError> {
@@ -304,7 +391,7 @@ pub async fn build_db_pool() -> Result<ActualDbPool, LemmyError> {
     .runtime(Runtime::Tokio1)
     .build()?;
 
-  run_migrations(&db_url);
+  run_migrations(&db_url)?;
 
   Ok(pool)
 }
@@ -357,6 +444,8 @@ pub mod functions {
     fn controversy_rank(upvotes: BigInt, downvotes: BigInt, score: BigInt) -> Double;
   }
 
+  sql_function!(fn reverse_timestamp_sort(time: Timestamptz) -> BigInt);
+
   sql_function!(fn lower(x: Text) -> Text);
 
   // really this function is variadic, this just adds the two-argument version
diff --git a/crates/db_views/Cargo.toml b/crates/db_views/Cargo.toml
index 8bce6de33..3f0ba5aff 100644
--- a/crates/db_views/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/db_views/Cargo.toml
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ full = [
   "tracing",
   "ts-rs",
   "actix-web",
+  "i-love-jesus",
   "lemmy_db_schema/full",
 ]
 
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ serde_with = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 ts-rs = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 actix-web = { workspace = true, optional = true }
-url = { workspace = true }
+i-love-jesus = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 serial_test = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/crates/db_views/src/post_view.rs b/crates/db_views/src/post_view.rs
index 29e262cee..be78043da 100644
--- a/crates/db_views/src/post_view.rs
+++ b/crates/db_views/src/post_view.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ use diesel::{
   debug_query,
   dsl::{exists, not, IntervalDsl},
   pg::Pg,
+  query_builder::AsQuery,
   result::Error,
   sql_types,
   BoolExpressionMethods,
@@ -16,8 +17,9 @@ use diesel::{
   QueryDsl,
 };
 use diesel_async::RunQueryDsl;
+use i_love_jesus::PaginatedQueryBuilder;
 use lemmy_db_schema::{
-  aggregates::structs::PostAggregates,
+  aggregates::structs::{post_aggregates_keys as key, PostAggregates},
   newtypes::{CommunityId, LocalUserId, PersonId, PostId},
   schema::{
     community,
@@ -44,45 +46,19 @@ use lemmy_db_schema::{
     get_conn,
     limit_and_offset,
     now,
+    Commented,
     DbConn,
     DbPool,
     ListFn,
     Queries,
     ReadFn,
+    ReverseTimestampKey,
   },
   ListingType,
   SortType,
 };
 use tracing::debug;
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-enum Ord {
-  Desc,
-  Asc,
-}
-
-struct PaginationCursorField<Q, QS> {
-  then_order_by_desc: fn(Q) -> Q,
-  then_order_by_asc: fn(Q) -> Q,
-  le: fn(&PostAggregates) -> Box<dyn BoxableExpression<QS, Pg, SqlType = sql_types::Bool>>,
-  ge: fn(&PostAggregates) -> Box<dyn BoxableExpression<QS, Pg, SqlType = sql_types::Bool>>,
-  ne: fn(&PostAggregates) -> Box<dyn BoxableExpression<QS, Pg, SqlType = sql_types::Bool>>,
-}
-
-/// Returns `PaginationCursorField<_, _>` for the given name
-macro_rules! field {
-  ($name:ident) => {
-    // Type inference doesn't work if normal method call syntax is used
-    PaginationCursorField {
-      then_order_by_desc: |query| QueryDsl::then_order_by(query, post_aggregates::$name.desc()),
-      then_order_by_asc: |query| QueryDsl::then_order_by(query, post_aggregates::$name.asc()),
-      le: |e| Box::new(post_aggregates::$name.le(e.$name)),
-      ge: |e| Box::new(post_aggregates::$name.ge(e.$name)),
-      ne: |e| Box::new(post_aggregates::$name.ne(e.$name)),
-    }
-  };
-}
-
 fn queries<'a>() -> Queries<
   impl ReadFn<'a, PostView, (PostId, Option<PersonId>, bool)>,
   impl ListFn<'a, PostView, (PostQuery<'a>, &'a Site)>,
@@ -283,7 +259,10 @@ fn queries<'a>() -> Queries<
           );
       }
 
-      query.first::<PostView>(&mut conn).await
+      Commented::new(query)
+        .text("PostView::read")
+        .first::<PostView>(&mut conn)
+        .await
     };
 
   let list = move |mut conn: DbConn<'a>, (options, site): (PostQuery<'a>, &'a Site)| async move {
@@ -461,107 +440,81 @@ fn queries<'a>() -> Queries<
       query = query.filter(not(is_creator_blocked(person_id)));
     }
 
-    let featured_field = if options.community_id.is_none() || options.community_id_just_for_prefetch
-    {
-      field!(featured_local)
-    } else {
-      field!(featured_community)
-    };
-
-    let (main_sort, top_sort_interval) = match options.sort.unwrap_or(SortType::Hot) {
-      SortType::Active => ((Ord::Desc, field!(hot_rank_active)), None),
-      SortType::Hot => ((Ord::Desc, field!(hot_rank)), None),
-      SortType::Scaled => ((Ord::Desc, field!(scaled_rank)), None),
-      SortType::Controversial => ((Ord::Desc, field!(controversy_rank)), None),
-      SortType::New => ((Ord::Desc, field!(published)), None),
-      SortType::Old => ((Ord::Asc, field!(published)), None),
-      SortType::NewComments => ((Ord::Desc, field!(newest_comment_time)), None),
-      SortType::MostComments => ((Ord::Desc, field!(comments)), None),
-      SortType::TopAll => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), None),
-      SortType::TopYear => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), Some(1.years())),
-      SortType::TopMonth => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), Some(1.months())),
-      SortType::TopWeek => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), Some(1.weeks())),
-      SortType::TopDay => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), Some(1.days())),
-      SortType::TopHour => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), Some(1.hours())),
-      SortType::TopSixHour => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), Some(6.hours())),
-      SortType::TopTwelveHour => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), Some(12.hours())),
-      SortType::TopThreeMonths => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), Some(3.months())),
-      SortType::TopSixMonths => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), Some(6.months())),
-      SortType::TopNineMonths => ((Ord::Desc, field!(score)), Some(9.months())),
-    };
-
-    if let Some(interval) = top_sort_interval {
-      query = query.filter(post_aggregates::published.gt(now() - interval));
-    }
-
-    let sorts = [
-      Some((Ord::Desc, featured_field)),
-      Some(main_sort),
-      Some((Ord::Desc, field!(post_id))),
-    ];
-    let sorts_iter = sorts.iter().flatten();
-
-    // This loop does almost the same thing as sorting by and comparing tuples. If the rows were
-    // only sorted by 1 field called `foo` in descending order, then it would be like this:
-    //
-    // ```
-    // query = query.then_order_by(foo.desc());
-    // if let Some(first) = &options.page_after {
-    //   query = query.filter(foo.le(first.foo));
-    // }
-    // if let Some(last) = &page_before_or_equal {
-    //   query = query.filter(foo.ge(last.foo));
-    // }
-    // ```
-    //
-    // If multiple rows have the same value for a sorted field, then they are
-    // grouped together, and the rows in that group are sorted by the next fields.
-    // When checking if a row is within the range determined by the cursors, a field
-    // that's sorted after other fields is only compared if the row and the cursor
-    // are in the same group created by the previous sort, which is checked by using
-    // `or` to skip the comparison if any previously sorted field is not equal.
-    for (i, (order, field)) in sorts_iter.clone().enumerate() {
-      // Both cursors are treated as inclusive here. `page_after` is made exclusive
-      // by adding `1` to the offset.
-      let (then_order_by_field, compare_first, compare_last) = match order {
-        Ord::Desc => (field.then_order_by_desc, field.le, field.ge),
-        Ord::Asc => (field.then_order_by_asc, field.ge, field.le),
-      };
-
-      query = then_order_by_field(query);
-
-      for (cursor_data, compare) in [
-        (&options.page_after, compare_first),
-        (&options.page_before_or_equal, compare_last),
-      ] {
-        let Some(cursor_data) = cursor_data else {
-          continue;
-        };
-        let mut condition: Box<dyn BoxableExpression<_, Pg, SqlType = sql_types::Bool>> =
-          Box::new(compare(&cursor_data.0));
-
-        // For each field that was sorted before the current one, skip the filter by changing
-        // `condition` to `true` if the row's value doesn't equal the cursor's value.
-        for (_, other_field) in sorts_iter.clone().take(i) {
-          condition = Box::new(condition.or((other_field.ne)(&cursor_data.0)));
-        }
-
-        query = query.filter(condition);
-      }
-    }
-
-    let (limit, mut offset) = limit_and_offset(options.page, options.limit)?;
-    if options.page_after.is_some() {
-      // always skip exactly one post because that's the last post of the previous page
-      // fixing the where clause is more difficult because we'd have to change only the last order-by-where clause
-      // e.g. WHERE (featured_local<=, hot_rank<=, published<=) to WHERE (<=, <=, <)
-      offset = 1;
-    }
+    let (limit, offset) = limit_and_offset(options.page, options.limit)?;
     query = query.limit(limit).offset(offset);
 
+    let mut query = PaginatedQueryBuilder::new(query);
+
+    let page_after = options.page_after.map(|c| c.0);
+    let page_before_or_equal = options.page_before_or_equal.map(|c| c.0);
+
+    if options.page_back {
+      query = query
+        .before(page_after)
+        .after_or_equal(page_before_or_equal)
+        .limit_and_offset_from_end();
+    } else {
+      query = query
+        .after(page_after)
+        .before_or_equal(page_before_or_equal);
+    }
+
+    // featured posts first
+    query = if options.community_id.is_none() || options.community_id_just_for_prefetch {
+      query.then_desc(key::featured_local)
+    } else {
+      query.then_desc(key::featured_community)
+    };
+
+    let time = |interval| post_aggregates::published.gt(now() - interval);
+
+    // then use the main sort
+    query = match options.sort.unwrap_or(SortType::Hot) {
+      SortType::Active => query.then_desc(key::hot_rank_active),
+      SortType::Hot => query.then_desc(key::hot_rank),
+      SortType::Scaled => query.then_desc(key::scaled_rank),
+      SortType::Controversial => query.then_desc(key::controversy_rank),
+      SortType::New => query.then_desc(key::published),
+      SortType::Old => query.then_desc(ReverseTimestampKey(key::published)),
+      SortType::NewComments => query.then_desc(key::newest_comment_time),
+      SortType::MostComments => query.then_desc(key::comments),
+      SortType::TopAll => query.then_desc(key::score),
+      SortType::TopYear => query.then_desc(key::score).filter(time(1.years())),
+      SortType::TopMonth => query.then_desc(key::score).filter(time(1.months())),
+      SortType::TopWeek => query.then_desc(key::score).filter(time(1.weeks())),
+      SortType::TopDay => query.then_desc(key::score).filter(time(1.days())),
+      SortType::TopHour => query.then_desc(key::score).filter(time(1.hours())),
+      SortType::TopSixHour => query.then_desc(key::score).filter(time(6.hours())),
+      SortType::TopTwelveHour => query.then_desc(key::score).filter(time(12.hours())),
+      SortType::TopThreeMonths => query.then_desc(key::score).filter(time(3.months())),
+      SortType::TopSixMonths => query.then_desc(key::score).filter(time(6.months())),
+      SortType::TopNineMonths => query.then_desc(key::score).filter(time(9.months())),
+    };
+
+    // use publish as fallback. especially useful for hot rank which reaches zero after some days.
+    // necessary because old posts can be fetched over federation and inserted with high post id
+    query = match options.sort.unwrap_or(SortType::Hot) {
+      // A second time-based sort would not be very useful
+      SortType::New | SortType::Old | SortType::NewComments => query,
+      _ => query.then_desc(key::published),
+    };
+
+    // finally use unique post id as tie breaker
+    query = query.then_desc(key::post_id);
+
+    // Not done by debug_query
+    let query = query.as_query();
+
     debug!("Post View Query: {:?}", debug_query::<Pg, _>(&query));
 
-    query.load::<PostView>(&mut conn).await
+    Commented::new(query)
+      .text("PostQuery::list")
+      .text_if(
+        "getting upper bound for next query",
+        options.community_id_just_for_prefetch,
+      )
+      .load::<PostView>(&mut conn)
+      .await
   };
 
   Queries::new(read, list)
@@ -628,6 +581,7 @@ pub struct PostQuery<'a> {
   pub limit: Option<i64>,
   pub page_after: Option<PaginationCursorData>,
   pub page_before_or_equal: Option<PaginationCursorData>,
+  pub page_back: bool,
 }
 
 impl<'a> PostQuery<'a> {
@@ -699,9 +653,15 @@ impl<'a> PostQuery<'a> {
     if (v.len() as i64) < limit {
       Ok(Some(self.clone()))
     } else {
-      let page_before_or_equal = Some(PaginationCursorData(v.pop().expect("else case").counts));
+      let item = if self.page_back {
+        // for backward pagination, get first element instead
+        v.into_iter().next()
+      } else {
+        v.pop()
+      };
+      let limit_cursor = Some(PaginationCursorData(item.expect("else case").counts));
       Ok(Some(PostQuery {
-        page_before_or_equal,
+        page_before_or_equal: limit_cursor,
         ..self.clone()
       }))
     }
@@ -1403,15 +1363,19 @@ mod tests {
       }
     }
 
+    let options = PostQuery {
+      community_id: Some(inserted_community.id),
+      sort: Some(SortType::MostComments),
+      limit: Some(10),
+      ..Default::default()
+    };
+
     let mut listed_post_ids = vec![];
     let mut page_after = None;
     loop {
       let post_listings = PostQuery {
-        community_id: Some(inserted_community.id),
-        sort: Some(SortType::MostComments),
-        limit: Some(10),
         page_after,
-        ..Default::default()
+        ..options.clone()
       }
       .list(&data.site, pool)
       .await?;
@@ -1425,6 +1389,34 @@ mod tests {
       }
     }
 
+    // Check that backward pagination matches forward pagination
+    let mut listed_post_ids_forward = listed_post_ids.clone();
+    let mut page_before = None;
+    loop {
+      let post_listings = PostQuery {
+        page_after: page_before,
+        page_back: true,
+        ..options.clone()
+      }
+      .list(pool)
+      .await?;
+
+      let listed_post_ids = post_listings.iter().map(|p| p.post.id).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+      let index = listed_post_ids_forward.len() - listed_post_ids.len();
+      assert_eq!(
+        listed_post_ids_forward.get(index..),
+        listed_post_ids.get(..)
+      );
+      listed_post_ids_forward.truncate(index);
+
+      if let Some(p) = post_listings.into_iter().next() {
+        page_before = Some(PaginationCursorData(p.counts));
+      } else {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
     inserted_post_ids.sort_unstable_by_key(|id| id.0);
     listed_post_ids.sort_unstable_by_key(|id| id.0);
 
diff --git a/crates/db_views/src/structs.rs b/crates/db_views/src/structs.rs
index a68001a52..6ffef5fe0 100644
--- a/crates/db_views/src/structs.rs
+++ b/crates/db_views/src/structs.rs
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ pub struct PostReportView {
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "full", derive(ts_rs::TS))]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "full", ts(export))]
-pub struct PaginationCursor(pub(crate) String);
+pub struct PaginationCursor(pub String);
 
 #[skip_serializing_none]
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
diff --git a/crates/federate/src/worker.rs b/crates/federate/src/worker.rs
index b57c5e8ae..0155ecd9b 100644
--- a/crates/federate/src/worker.rs
+++ b/crates/federate/src/worker.rs
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ impl InstanceWorker {
     }
     if let Some(t) = &activity.send_community_followers_of {
       if let Some(urls) = self.followed_communities.get(t) {
-        inbox_urls.extend(urls.iter().map(std::clone::Clone::clone));
+        inbox_urls.extend(urls.iter().cloned());
       }
     }
     inbox_urls.extend(
diff --git a/crates/routes/Cargo.toml b/crates/routes/Cargo.toml
index 82c786576..365bdb7a0 100644
--- a/crates/routes/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/routes/Cargo.toml
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ url = { workspace = true }
 once_cell = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true }
-rss = "2.0.6"
+rss = "2.0.7"
diff --git a/crates/utils/Cargo.toml b/crates/utils/Cargo.toml
index b6120026e..539219149 100644
--- a/crates/utils/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/utils/Cargo.toml
@@ -41,11 +41,11 @@ uuid = { workspace = true, features = ["serde", "v4"] }
 rosetta-i18n = { workspace = true }
 percent-encoding = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true }
-openssl = "0.10.61"
+openssl = "0.10.63"
 html2text = "0.6.0"
 deser-hjson = "2.2.4"
 smart-default = "0.7.1"
-lettre = { version = "0.11.2", features = ["tokio1", "tokio1-native-tls"] }
+lettre = { version = "0.11.3", features = ["tokio1", "tokio1-native-tls"] }
 markdown-it = "0.6.0"
 ts-rs = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 enum-map = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/docker/docker-compose.yml b/docker/docker-compose.yml
index db0c9f41e..7b22c2420 100644
--- a/docker/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker/docker-compose.yml
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ services:
 
   lemmy:
     # use "image" to pull down an already compiled lemmy. make sure to comment out "build".
-    # image: dessalines/lemmy:0.19.2
+    # image: dessalines/lemmy:0.19.3
     # platform: linux/x86_64 # no arm64 support. uncomment platform if using m1.
     # use "build" to build your local lemmy server image for development. make sure to comment out "image".
     # run: docker compose up --build
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ services:
 
   lemmy-ui:
     # use "image" to pull down an already compiled lemmy-ui. make sure to comment out "build".
-    image: dessalines/lemmy-ui:0.19.2
+    image: dessalines/lemmy-ui:0.19.3
     # platform: linux/x86_64 # no arm64 support. uncomment platform if using m1.
     # use "build" to build your local lemmy ui image for development. make sure to comment out "image".
     # run: docker compose up --build
diff --git a/docker/federation/docker-compose.yml b/docker/federation/docker-compose.yml
index 1f38e2b5f..814d43119 100644
--- a/docker/federation/docker-compose.yml
+++ b/docker/federation/docker-compose.yml
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ version: "3.7"
 
 x-ui-default: &ui-default
   init: true
-  image: dessalines/lemmy-ui:0.19.2
+  image: dessalines/lemmy-ui:0.19.3
   # assuming lemmy-ui is cloned besides lemmy directory
   # build:
   #   context: ../../../lemmy-ui
diff --git a/migrations/2023-12-19-210053_tolerable-batch-insert-speed/down.sql b/migrations/2023-12-19-210053_tolerable-batch-insert-speed/down.sql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3b08a616b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/2023-12-19-210053_tolerable-batch-insert-speed/down.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION post_aggregates_post ()
+    RETURNS TRIGGER
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    IF (TG_OP = 'INSERT') THEN
+        INSERT INTO post_aggregates (post_id, published, newest_comment_time, newest_comment_time_necro, community_id, creator_id, instance_id)
+        SELECT
+            NEW.id,
+            NEW.published,
+            NEW.published,
+            NEW.published,
+            NEW.community_id,
+            NEW.creator_id,
+            community.instance_id
+        FROM
+            community
+        WHERE
+            NEW.community_id = community.id;
+    ELSIF (TG_OP = 'DELETE') THEN
+        DELETE FROM post_aggregates
+        WHERE post_id = OLD.id;
+    END IF;
+    RETURN NULL;
+END
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER post_aggregates_post
+    AFTER INSERT OR DELETE ON post
+    FOR EACH ROW
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE post_aggregates_post ();
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER community_aggregates_post_count
+    AFTER INSERT OR DELETE OR UPDATE OF removed,
+    deleted ON post
+    FOR EACH ROW
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE community_aggregates_post_count ();
+
+DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS community_aggregates_post_count_insert CASCADE;
+
+DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS community_aggregates_post_update CASCADE;
+
+DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS site_aggregates_post_update CASCADE;
+
+DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS person_aggregates_post_insert CASCADE;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION site_aggregates_post_insert ()
+    RETURNS TRIGGER
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    IF (was_restored_or_created (TG_OP, OLD, NEW)) THEN
+        UPDATE
+            site_aggregates sa
+        SET
+            posts = posts + 1
+        FROM
+            site s
+        WHERE
+            sa.site_id = s.id;
+    END IF;
+    RETURN NULL;
+END
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER site_aggregates_post_insert
+    AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OF removed,
+    deleted ON post
+    FOR EACH ROW
+    WHEN (NEW.local = TRUE)
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE site_aggregates_post_insert ();
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION generate_unique_changeme ()
+    RETURNS text
+    LANGUAGE sql
+    AS $$
+    SELECT
+        'http://changeme.invalid/' || substr(md5(random()::text), 0, 25);
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER person_aggregates_post_count
+    AFTER INSERT OR DELETE OR UPDATE OF removed,
+    deleted ON post
+    FOR EACH ROW
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE person_aggregates_post_count ();
+
+DROP SEQUENCE IF EXISTS changeme_seq;
+
diff --git a/migrations/2023-12-19-210053_tolerable-batch-insert-speed/up.sql b/migrations/2023-12-19-210053_tolerable-batch-insert-speed/up.sql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aaa866d3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/2023-12-19-210053_tolerable-batch-insert-speed/up.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+-- Change triggers to run once per statement instead of once per row
+-- post_aggregates_post trigger doesn't need to handle deletion because the post_id column has ON DELETE CASCADE
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION post_aggregates_post ()
+    RETURNS TRIGGER
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    INSERT INTO post_aggregates (post_id, published, newest_comment_time, newest_comment_time_necro, community_id, creator_id, instance_id)
+    SELECT
+        id,
+        published,
+        published,
+        published,
+        community_id,
+        creator_id,
+        (
+            SELECT
+                community.instance_id
+            FROM
+                community
+            WHERE
+                community.id = community_id
+            LIMIT 1)
+FROM
+    new_post;
+    RETURN NULL;
+END
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION community_aggregates_post_count_insert ()
+    RETURNS TRIGGER
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    UPDATE
+        community_aggregates
+    SET
+        posts = posts + post_group.count
+    FROM (
+        SELECT
+            community_id,
+            count(*)
+        FROM
+            new_post
+        GROUP BY
+            community_id) post_group
+WHERE
+    community_aggregates.community_id = post_group.community_id;
+    RETURN NULL;
+END
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION person_aggregates_post_insert ()
+    RETURNS TRIGGER
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    UPDATE
+        person_aggregates
+    SET
+        post_count = post_count + post_group.count
+    FROM (
+        SELECT
+            creator_id,
+            count(*)
+        FROM
+            new_post
+        GROUP BY
+            creator_id) post_group
+WHERE
+    person_aggregates.person_id = post_group.creator_id;
+    RETURN NULL;
+END
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER post_aggregates_post
+    AFTER INSERT ON post REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_post
+    FOR EACH STATEMENT
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE post_aggregates_post ();
+
+-- Don't run old trigger for insert
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER community_aggregates_post_count
+    AFTER DELETE OR UPDATE OF removed,
+    deleted ON post
+    FOR EACH ROW
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE community_aggregates_post_count ();
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER community_aggregates_post_count_insert
+    AFTER INSERT ON post REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_post
+    FOR EACH STATEMENT
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE community_aggregates_post_count_insert ();
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION site_aggregates_post_update ()
+    RETURNS TRIGGER
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    IF (was_restored_or_created (TG_OP, OLD, NEW)) THEN
+        UPDATE
+            site_aggregates sa
+        SET
+            posts = posts + 1
+        FROM
+            site s
+        WHERE
+            sa.site_id = s.id;
+    END IF;
+    RETURN NULL;
+END
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION site_aggregates_post_insert ()
+    RETURNS TRIGGER
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    UPDATE
+        site_aggregates sa
+    SET
+        posts = posts + (
+            SELECT
+                count(*)
+            FROM
+                new_post)
+    FROM
+        site s
+    WHERE
+        sa.site_id = s.id;
+    RETURN NULL;
+END
+$$;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER site_aggregates_post_update
+    AFTER UPDATE OF removed,
+    deleted ON post
+    FOR EACH ROW
+    WHEN (NEW.local = TRUE)
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE site_aggregates_post_update ();
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER site_aggregates_post_insert
+    AFTER INSERT ON post REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_post
+    FOR EACH STATEMENT
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE site_aggregates_post_insert ();
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER person_aggregates_post_count
+    AFTER DELETE OR UPDATE OF removed,
+    deleted ON post
+    FOR EACH ROW
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE person_aggregates_post_count ();
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER person_aggregates_post_insert
+    AFTER INSERT ON post REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS new_post
+    FOR EACH STATEMENT
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE person_aggregates_post_insert ();
+
+-- Avoid running hash function and random number generation for default ap_id
+CREATE SEQUENCE IF NOT EXISTS changeme_seq AS bigint CYCLE;
+
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION generate_unique_changeme ()
+    RETURNS text
+    LANGUAGE sql
+    AS $$
+    SELECT
+        'http://changeme.invalid/seq/' || nextval('changeme_seq')::text;
+$$;
+
diff --git a/migrations/2023-12-22-040137_make-mixed-sorting-directions-work-with-tuple-comparison/down.sql b/migrations/2023-12-22-040137_make-mixed-sorting-directions-work-with-tuple-comparison/down.sql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0b84b2ba1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/2023-12-22-040137_make-mixed-sorting-directions-work-with-tuple-comparison/down.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+DROP INDEX idx_post_aggregates_community_published_asc, idx_post_aggregates_featured_community_published_asc, idx_post_aggregates_featured_local_published_asc, idx_post_aggregates_published_asc;
+
+DROP FUNCTION reverse_timestamp_sort (t timestamp with time zone);
+
diff --git a/migrations/2023-12-22-040137_make-mixed-sorting-directions-work-with-tuple-comparison/up.sql b/migrations/2023-12-22-040137_make-mixed-sorting-directions-work-with-tuple-comparison/up.sql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..450a6b582
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/2023-12-22-040137_make-mixed-sorting-directions-work-with-tuple-comparison/up.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+CREATE FUNCTION reverse_timestamp_sort (t timestamp with time zone)
+    RETURNS bigint
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    RETURN (-1000000 * EXTRACT(EPOCH FROM t))::bigint;
+END;
+$$
+LANGUAGE plpgsql
+IMMUTABLE PARALLEL SAFE;
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_community_published_asc ON public.post_aggregates USING btree (community_id, featured_local DESC, reverse_timestamp_sort (published) DESC);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_featured_community_published_asc ON public.post_aggregates USING btree (community_id, featured_community DESC, reverse_timestamp_sort (published) DESC);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_featured_local_published_asc ON public.post_aggregates USING btree (featured_local DESC, reverse_timestamp_sort (published) DESC);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_post_aggregates_published_asc ON public.post_aggregates USING btree (reverse_timestamp_sort (published) DESC);
+
diff --git a/migrations/2024-01-05-213000_community_aggregates_add_local_subscribers/down.sql b/migrations/2024-01-05-213000_community_aggregates_add_local_subscribers/down.sql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..43f92d461
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/2024-01-05-213000_community_aggregates_add_local_subscribers/down.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+ALTER TABLE community_aggregates
+    DROP COLUMN subscribers_local;
+
+-- old function from migrations/2023-10-02-145002_community_followers_count_federated/up.sql
+-- The subscriber count should only be updated for local communities. For remote
+-- communities it is read over federation from the origin instance.
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION community_aggregates_subscriber_count ()
+    RETURNS TRIGGER
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    IF (TG_OP = 'INSERT') THEN
+        UPDATE
+            community_aggregates
+        SET
+            subscribers = subscribers + 1
+        FROM
+            community
+        WHERE
+            community.id = community_id
+            AND community.local
+            AND community_id = NEW.community_id;
+    ELSIF (TG_OP = 'DELETE') THEN
+        UPDATE
+            community_aggregates
+        SET
+            subscribers = subscribers - 1
+        FROM
+            community
+        WHERE
+            community.id = community_id
+            AND community.local
+            AND community_id = OLD.community_id;
+    END IF;
+    RETURN NULL;
+END
+$$;
+
+DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS delete_follow_before_person ON person;
+
+DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS delete_follow_before_person;
+
diff --git a/migrations/2024-01-05-213000_community_aggregates_add_local_subscribers/up.sql b/migrations/2024-01-05-213000_community_aggregates_add_local_subscribers/up.sql
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2ed68ea58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/2024-01-05-213000_community_aggregates_add_local_subscribers/up.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+-- Couldn't find a way to put subscribers_local right after subscribers except recreating the table.
+ALTER TABLE community_aggregates
+    ADD COLUMN subscribers_local bigint NOT NULL DEFAULT 0;
+
+-- update initial value
+-- update by counting local persons who follow communities.
+WITH follower_counts AS (
+    SELECT
+        community_id,
+        count(*) AS local_sub_count
+    FROM
+        community_follower cf
+        JOIN person p ON p.id = cf.person_id
+    WHERE
+        p.local = TRUE
+    GROUP BY
+        community_id)
+UPDATE
+    community_aggregates ca
+SET
+    subscribers_local = local_sub_count
+FROM
+    follower_counts
+WHERE
+    ca.community_id = follower_counts.community_id;
+
+-- subscribers should be updated only when a local community is followed by a local or remote person
+-- subscribers_local should be updated only when a local person follows a local or remote community
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION community_aggregates_subscriber_count ()
+    RETURNS TRIGGER
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    IF (TG_OP = 'INSERT') THEN
+        UPDATE
+            community_aggregates ca
+        SET
+            subscribers = subscribers + community.local::int,
+            subscribers_local = subscribers_local + person.local::int
+        FROM
+            community
+        LEFT JOIN person ON person.id = NEW.person_id
+    WHERE
+        community.id = NEW.community_id
+            AND community.id = ca.community_id
+            AND person.local IS NOT NULL;
+    ELSIF (TG_OP = 'DELETE') THEN
+        UPDATE
+            community_aggregates ca
+        SET
+            subscribers = subscribers - community.local::int,
+            subscribers_local = subscribers_local - person.local::int
+        FROM
+            community
+        LEFT JOIN person ON person.id = OLD.person_id
+    WHERE
+        community.id = OLD.community_id
+            AND community.id = ca.community_id
+            AND person.local IS NOT NULL;
+    END IF;
+    RETURN NULL;
+END
+$$;
+
+-- to be able to join person on the trigger above, we need to run it before the person is deleted: https://github.com/LemmyNet/lemmy/pull/4166#issuecomment-1874095856
+CREATE FUNCTION delete_follow_before_person ()
+    RETURNS TRIGGER
+    LANGUAGE plpgsql
+    AS $$
+BEGIN
+    DELETE FROM community_follower AS c
+    WHERE c.person_id = OLD.id;
+    RETURN OLD;
+END;
+$$;
+
+CREATE TRIGGER delete_follow_before_person
+    BEFORE DELETE ON person
+    FOR EACH ROW
+    EXECUTE FUNCTION delete_follow_before_person ();
+
diff --git a/scripts/db_perf.sh b/scripts/db_perf.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ef4b2751a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/db_perf.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+# This script runs crates/lemmy_db_perf/src/main.rs, which lets you see info related to database query performance, such as query plans.
+
+set -e
+
+CWD="$(cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd -P)"
+
+cd $CWD/../
+
+source scripts/start_dev_db.sh
+
+export LEMMY_CONFIG_LOCATION=config/config.hjson
+export RUST_BACKTRACE=1
+
+cargo run --package lemmy_db_perf -- "$@"
+
+pg_ctl stop --silent
+
+# $PGDATA directory is kept so log can be seen
diff --git a/scripts/start_dev_db.sh b/scripts/start_dev_db.sh
index f192defa6..8ea4a294e 100644
--- a/scripts/start_dev_db.sh
+++ b/scripts/start_dev_db.sh
@@ -2,23 +2,47 @@
 
 export PGDATA="$PWD/dev_pgdata"
 export PGHOST=$PWD
-export LEMMY_DATABASE_URL="postgresql://lemmy:password@/lemmy?host=$PWD"
+export DATABASE_URL="postgresql://lemmy:password@/lemmy?host=$PWD"
+export LEMMY_DATABASE_URL=$DATABASE_URL
 
 # If cluster exists, stop the server and delete the cluster
-if [ -d $PGDATA ]
+if [[ -d $PGDATA ]]
 then
-  # Prevent `stop` from failing if server already stopped
-  pg_ctl restart > /dev/null
-  pg_ctl stop
+  # Only stop server if it is running
+  pg_status_exit_code=0
+  (pg_ctl status > /dev/null) || pg_status_exit_code=$?
+  if [[ ${pg_status_exit_code} -ne 3 ]]
+  then
+    pg_ctl stop --silent
+  fi
+
   rm -rf $PGDATA
 fi
 
-# Create cluster
-initdb --username=postgres --auth=trust --no-instructions
+config_args=(
+  # Only listen to socket in current directory
+  -c listen_addresses=
+  -c unix_socket_directories=$PWD
 
-# Start server that only listens to socket in current directory
-pg_ctl start --options="-c listen_addresses= -c unix_socket_directories=$PWD" > /dev/null
+  # Write logs to a file in $PGDATA/log
+  -c logging_collector=on
+
+  # Allow auto_explain to be turned on
+  -c session_preload_libraries=auto_explain
+
+  # Include actual row amounts and run times for query plan nodes
+  -c auto_explain.log_analyze=on
+
+  # Don't log parameter values
+  -c auto_explain.log_parameter_max_length=0
+)
+
+# Create cluster
+pg_ctl init --silent --options="--username=postgres --auth=trust --no-instructions"
+
+# Start server
+pg_ctl start --silent --options="${config_args[*]}"
 
 # Setup database
-psql -c "CREATE USER lemmy WITH PASSWORD 'password' SUPERUSER;" -U postgres
-psql -c "CREATE DATABASE lemmy WITH OWNER lemmy;" -U postgres
+psql --quiet -c "CREATE USER lemmy WITH PASSWORD 'password' SUPERUSER;" -U postgres
+psql --quiet -c "CREATE DATABASE lemmy WITH OWNER lemmy;" -U postgres
diff --git a/scripts/test.sh b/scripts/test.sh
index cdfbf7611..efe9b1513 100755
--- a/scripts/test.sh
+++ b/scripts/test.sh
@@ -27,5 +27,5 @@ cargo test -p lemmy_utils --all-features --no-fail-fast
 
 # Add this to do printlns: -- --nocapture
 
-pg_ctl stop
+pg_ctl stop --silent
 rm -rf $PGDATA